Sci. Global panorama of the impacts of human activities on soil carbon. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. They can be released into the environment by natural processes or through human activities . Details of this analysis are shown in Table 1. In those areas where vegetation browning, the relative contribution of climate change was typically<20% (Fig. Nature 514, 434434 (2014). Remote Sensing of Coastal Vegetation Phenology in a Cold Temperate Intertidal System: Implications for Classification of Coastal Habitats, Self-Supervised Assisted Semi-Supervised Residual Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification, https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/rs14132999/s1, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. IT 113/2018. Map created in ArcMap 10.4. Observational Quantification of Climatic and Human Influences on Vegetation Greening in China. Impact of human activities and vegetation changes on the tetraether Google Scholar. Sun, H. Y. et al. ; Stanturf, J. https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess. Forested land increased by 0.82% (341.99 km2) while grassland increased by 0.98% (369.17 km2). China accounts for 25% of the global greening. It is necessary to explore negative or positive impacts of human activities on the regional greening or browning under climate change. This is considered to be an important topic of the 21st century due to the implications land degradation has upon agronomic productivity , the environment, and its effects on food security . Parker DC, Entwisle B, Rindfuss RR, Vanwey LK, Manson SM, Moran E, An L, Deadman P, Evans TP, Linderman M, Rizi SM, Malanson G. J Land Use Sci. ; Schneider, A.; Liu, Z.; Zhou, L.; Wang, W. Climate response to rapid urban growth: Evidence of a human-induced precipitation deficit. Removal of natural vegetation. the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, Here, trend analysis, correlation analysis, residual analysis, and relative contribution analysis were used to quantify the spatialtemporal variations of greening responded by vegetation coverage of the BTHR between 2000 and 2019 based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products, spatially interpolated meteorological station observations, and socioeconomic statistics. Arid Environ. 1. A study of annual and seasonal precipitation trends in Iran using a nonparametric method (Sens slope estimator). Ecohealth. 85 Citations 163 Altmetric Metrics Abstract Habitat loss and fragmentation due to human activities is the leading cause of the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Effects of human influences on the vegetation of the Western Himalaya have been reviewed. 3). 2018CFB272). 2015 Oct;22(19):15089-96. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4720-3. Specifically, the influence of POP on NDVI showed a shifting tendency from a negative to positive correlation from 2000 to 2020. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 8b). Dong, J. Analysis of the vegetation cover change and the relative role of its influencing factors in North China. First, the dynamics of vegetation coverage are assumed to be mainly dependent on climate and human activities, and second, precipitation and temperature are assumed to be sufficient to characterise the effects of climate on vegetation coverage. The temperature trends also varied in the eastwest direction, increasing and decreasing over time in the eastern and western regions, respectively. Understanding the dynamic relationships between human activities and urban eco-environment in this transition is a challenging and essential topic. Effect of precipitation change on water balance and WUE of the winter wheat-summer maize rotation in the North China Plain. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110214 (2020). ; Fotheringham, A.S. The vegetation coverage trends associated with climate change and human activities were divided into increasing and decreasing trends to facilitate an analysis of their relative contributions20. 62, 120127 (2014). Determinizing the contributions of human activities and - Nature The BeijingTianjinHebei Region (BTHR) is one of the most active areas with human activities in China. 40, 51515167 (2020). ; Zhou, N.; Wang, Y.D. ; Data curation, Validation, Z.L. The outcomes of our study can also be beneficial for helping policy makers to understand the impact of human activities on the ecological environment more clearly and to adjust their strategies in time. For example, between 2000 and 2020, 4 402.23 km2 of farmland was converted into forests and grassland, increasing the vegetation coverage of these areas as a result. Sin. Environmental impacts of Chinas urbanization from 2000 to 2010 and management implications. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website. (This article belongs to the Special Issue, Dynamic change in vegetation is an integral component of terrestrial ecosystems, which has become a significant research area in the current context of global climate warming. 1996-2023 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) unless otherwise stated. The .gov means its official. Results & impact22 June 2023. Contributions of climate change to greening and browning in the BTHR was about 74.1% and<20%, respectively. The accumulation and spatial distribution of household impacts would also have a considerable indirect influence on the spatial distribution of understory bamboo. Impact of Human Activities on Vegetation Diversity in Agricultural Ecosystems: Evidence from Fengqiu County, China January 2012 Journal of Resources and Ecology DOI:. A time series of annual vegetation coverage from satellite data was selected to quantify regional greening in the BTHR from 2000 to 2019 and their responses to climate change and human activities. Shi, S. Y. et al. ; Coe, M.T. First, data on ecological rehabilitation projects, agricultural output, and urbanisation were only available at a coarse scale (i.e., municipal-level data). This method has been widely used to quantify the positive and negative effects of human activities on ecosystems based on accessible remote-sensing data. & Ren, H. Y. The Geodetector is a statistical tool that measures spatial stratified heterogeneity based on spatial variance analysis to quantify the explanatory power of different factors and the relative strengths of their interactions11,12,13. Li, Z., Zhang, Y., Zhu, Q. K., He, Y. M. & Yao, W. J. In a report by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), it was noted that China accounted for 25% of the global net increase in leaf area from 2000 to 2017, mainly as a result of afforestation and agricultural activities6. In this study, three typical ecological reserves in the Three-North Shelter Forest Program Region (TNSFR) were selected to identify their vegetation development characteristics and driving mechanisms using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), climate factors, and land use data. Contributions of ecological programs to vegetation restoration in arid and semiarid China. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). The forest ecoregion is the largest of these ecoregions accounting for 49.60% of the total BTHR area. The natural vegetation cover in the BTHR mainly consists of sparse deciduous broad-leaved forests and shrubs, with much of this cover being located in the Yanshan Mountains and Taihang Mountains. Rev. processed the data. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030358 (2019). Manag. Specifically, a warmer and wetter climate, agricultural activities, and ecological engineering (e.g., afforestation) have jointly increased vegetation coverage in the BTHR. Global consequences of land use. (2) In the planting period, vegetation restoration was mainly correlated with human activities. 2016 Sep 14;11(9):e0162266. Collin County Community College District. Arora, V. Modeling vegetation as a dynamic component in soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer schemes and hydrological models. ADS da Silva, A.R. Vegetation is the only natural feature that protects the soils, . To study the complex interactions of humans and landscapes, we developed an integrated spatiotemporally explicit model of household activities, natural vegetation dynamics, and their impacts on panda habitat. Ma, B.; Wang, S.S.; Mupenzi, C.; Li, H.R. permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. According to the mathematical results of models, potential socio-economic factors as a whole could explain more than half of the vegetation cover. The decrease in vegetation coverage was mainly the results of the inhibition of human activities. The spatialization model of socio-economic factors was constructed by using only LUCC data, and the values of factors were interpolated using weighted areas. The deterioration of coastal area, the loss of estuaries and the destruction of human heritage are some of the harmful effects of coastal erosion processes and of inundation, producing economic . Human Land-Use Practices Lead to Global Long-Term Increases in Photosynthetic Capacity. Therefore, agricultural activities partly explain the observed increases in vegetation coverage in agricultural zones. Barren land and permanent wetland were slightly negatively correlated with precipitation. A study published on 22 June in Nature Communications summarizes 230 meta-analyses focusing on the effects of land use, agricultural and forestry practices and climate change on soil organic carbon. natural vegetation is removed and replaced . ; Popick, S.J. Lei M, Yuan S, Yang Z, Hong M, Yang X, Gu X, Huang F, Zhang Z. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. Part 1, statistical analysis of foot size parameters. According to the varying trend of vegetation coverage residuals between 2000 and 2019, human activities had a positive impact on vegetation coverage in 48.4% of the study area, and this (positive) impact was significant/extremely significant in 16.9% of the study area. Chen, C. et al. Since the 21st century, large cities around the world have experienced the transition from economically destructive development to a harmonious eco-environment. Luo, D.; Goodin, D.G. Sci. In addition, changes in the vegetation coverage of agricultural zones can be a direct result of crop farming44. estimated the impacts of climate changes and human activities on net primary productivity vary across an ecotone zone in Northwest China17. Article Changes in the climate have a significant effect on vegetation, and the most significant drivers of vegetation coverage change are precipitation and temperature32. Impacts of forest management practices, over-grazing, surface mining, defence and development operations, and road building activities, are severe in the region. By 2019, the proportion of positively affected zones was as high as 94.01%, and the negatively affected zones were mainly distributed across transitional areas of cropland and grassland, and urban and built-up land and forest land. The influence coefficients changed from negative to positive, and 2010 was the turning point, indicating that human activities gradually played a favorable role in protecting vegetation during this transition period. Li, J.; Yan, Q.; Hu, M. Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Vegetation and Dominant Factors inEnergy Golden TriangleRegion Based on Geographically Weighted Regression Model. The areas where human activities have reduced vegetation coverage are mainly located in the IMP-GE, the BTT-AE, and the northern part of the NCP-AE; and (4) increases in vegetation coverage have resulted from the combined effects of climate change and human activities. Wu, Z.; Li, Z.; Zeng, H. Using Remote Sensing Data to Study the Coupling Relationship between Urbanization and Eco-Environment Change: A Case Study in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.
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impact of human activities on natural vegetation
