IARA: 1864 - IN.gov The advice was taken, within narrow limits: coffee, rice, hominy, sugar, and other foods were given only to the sick; those better off did without. After the ending of the war and the closing of Camp Morton, all of the bodies at Camp Morton were exhumed and laid to rest at Greenlawn Cemetery. Not placed in context, pleasant is one of the main words in his diary entries during those twenty-four days. If only black-and-white ("b&w") sources are listed and you desire a copy showing There are other primary sources coming from outside and inside of the prisons. The prisoners complained of being housed in these structures. In the first weeks of the American Civil War (1861-1865), thousands of volunteers from around Indiana converged on Indianapolis to organize into military units to be accepted into the United States Army. In early 1865 the prisoner exchanges resumed. As prisoners were brought into and shipped out of Camp Morton, some of the men died, being buried both at Camp Morton and at Greenlawn Cemetery. In April 1863, the camp's prisoners were ordered to City Point, Virginia, and in June a new group arrived, this one from Gallatin, Tennessee. United States Indiana Camp Morton Indianapolis, None. BELLE ISLE: This was a Confederate prison in the James Rivers at Richmond, VA. At the end of 1863 over 10,000 men were confined. In the first weeks of the American Civil War (1861-1865), thousands of volunteers from around Indiana converged on . In addition to the Confederate prisoners, seven Union deserters who remained in custody at Camp Morton were freed. the Library of Congress because of rights considerations, but you have access to larger size images on The " Indianapolis Journal" of January 2, 1864, stated: There was a rumor that several of the union soldiers belonging to the veteran reserve corps, who were guarding the prisoners at Camp Morton, were frozen to death on the night previous. Most of those who remained were too ill to travel. Camp Morton was a military training ground and a Union prisoner-of-war camp in Indianapolis, Indiana, during the American Civil War. [28], David Garland Rose succeeded Owen as Camp Morton's commandant on June 19, 1862, and tightened the camp's rules. Conditions at the prison continued to grow worse as time went along. Prisoners of Memory: Camp Morton, Indiana, 1862-1865 - BSU Federal Prisons in Arizona FCI Phoenix. It was named for Indiana governor Oliver Morton. Following a general prisoner exchange in August 1862, Camp Morton reverted to a troop facility until early 1863, when it was reestablished as a prison and placed under army administration, commanded by Col. William Hoffman, Union Commisary General of Prisoners. They lacked for nothing indispensable to their personal health and comfort.". Camp Morton Indianapolis Indiana | Civil War Potpourri (A thumbnail (small) image will be visible on the left.). . In May 1861, state officials converted the State Fairgrounds, located one mile north of the city near todays 19th and Delaware Streets, into a military rendezvous camp, where officers would organize volunteers into companies and regiments and drill them preparatory to entraining to the front. During the war, Camp Morton was initially used as a military training ground. [33] A few of these attempts were made with wooden board planks or crude ladders. Cyndi's List - Prisons, Prisoners & Outlaws - U.S. Civil War Prisons This lack of primary sources coupled with the Camp Mortons lack of notoriety greatly contributed to it being forgotten. This collection includes records of Confederate prisoners of war from the United States. Keep in mind that these articles were all written after a significant amount of time, and therefore are can be classified as memoirs. American Civil War Prisoner of War Camps - thomaslegion.net Camp Morton had the highest mortality statistics of the camps administered by the War Department. Seven hundred extra blankets and many shoes had been issued. One of these places was Camp Morton in Indianapolis, Indiana at what was the newly built Indiana State Fairgrounds. Department of the Cumberland, Nashville, Tenn. -- reels 40-52. the original in color by citing the Call Number listed above and including the catalog No deaths or serious injury from the extreme cold. The Library of Congress generally does not own rights to material in its collections and, therefore, cannot grant or deny permission to publish or otherwise distribute the material. Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 442 and 106869. In 1866 a fire ravaged the cemetery office, destroying the records that gave the precise location of the burials. In addition to complete works of memoirs that are written after the war, there are sources such as articles written for magazines after the war. While these diaries sometimes provide valuable information and recount events that are crucial to understanding how a prison operated, often they can be difficult to read depending on the level of education the writer had. By the end of April 1861 the site was sheltering six thousand newly enlisted men. Capture and escape : a narrative of army and prison life Original source: Kellogg, John Azor,. A hundred more arrived a week later. There are also diaries that have been heavily edited and annotated, leaving only the most sparse of information, or can include insights into the prison, what was happening during a specific entry, as well as information on other prisoners. Some escape plans were especially elaborate, including tunnels and prisoner uprisings. Selected records of the War Department relating to Confederate [13] Captain James A. Ekin, assistant quartermaster general of the Union Army, was charged with converting Camp Morton to a prison camp. Dr. John A. Wyeth (Jan.Dec. [47] The remains from the Confederate gravesite were moved to Indianapolis's Crown Hill Cemetery in 1931 and buried in a mass grave in Section 32. For the first time in the conflict, Union military authorities were confronted with the task of housing large numbers of prisoners. Camp Morton, 1861-1865 : Indianapolis prison camp - Genealogy Trails Quarters for the camp's prison guards were established at Camp Burnside, a Union camp located between Nineteenth and Tinker (present-day Sixteenth) Streets, south of Camp Morton. Ask A Librarian service or call the reading room between 8:30 and FAMM has been actively supporting sentencing and prison reform in Arizona since 2019. Camp Morton - Wikiwand Camp Morton, 1861-1865 Indianapolis prison camp Source: Excerpted from Camp Morton, 1861-1865 : Indianapolis prison camp. The effort collapsed at the last minute when Democratic politicians who learned of the plot intervened. [29] On August 22, 1862, prisoner exchanges were arranged and final orders were given for the removal of the Confederate prisoners at Camp Morton. Cutter, E. P. Rebel prisoners, Camp Morton, Indianapolis. [42], During the final months of the war, in February and March 1865, two thousand of Camp Morton's prisoners left as part of a prisoner exchange. New prisoners from arrived at Camp Morton between January 29 and the end of March 1863. However, these short articles often only recall one small event, or can sum up a mans overall experience over a given amount of time. Role 1- Vol 1. Local newspapers, while starting out strong, eventually slowed reporting on the prisoners. These valuable primary sources, along with secondary sources from varying fields allowed me to interpret all primary sources through established theory and scholarship. The Victorian architecture of its prominent structures at the entrance, complete with gingerbread trim, gave the camp, in the beginning of its existence, a somewhat cheerful appearance. The guard is relieved hourly, and as much oftener as the soldier advises the corporal by call that he suffers in the least. [31], In July Confederate general John Hunt Morgan, who led Morgan's Raid into southern Indiana and Ohio, caused alarm among the city residents as local military prepared for his arrival, but Morgan turned east, towards Ohio, and never reached Indianapolis. The release of prisoners who took the oath of allegiance continued and in February 1865 the exchanges resumed. Camp Morton, Prisoner of War 1864: John Wesley Daniels to Col. James Taylor December 24, 2022 Griff Leave a comment This letter was written by John Wesley Daniels (1832-1915) of Grants Lick, Campbell county, Kentucky. The primary sources coming from Camp Morton are few and far between in the Twenty-First Century, so the sources that are available and that were used in this project frequently speak volumes. Pages in category "Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Arizona". [Between 1862 and 1865] Photograph. The War Department took over the management of the camp. Shortly after 8 o'clock I saw a number of rebels run from the barracks toward the end of my beat. In April, a trench about 10 feet wide and 6 feet deep was dug around the camp, just inside the fence, to try to help discourage tunneling attempts, but the tunneling efforts continued. One of them when he was straddle the fence said that, by God, he was all right. Another primary source that is important are those that were written about the prisons, most notably newspapers. Rebel prisoners, Camp Morton, Indianapolis. Attempts to escape were rare while Owen was commandant. [50], A monument at Indianapolis's Greenlawn Cemetery was erected to honor the Confederate soldiers who were buried there. Correspondence, speeches, articles, notebooks in shorthand, legal papers, financial records, scrapbooks, memorials, printed matter, memorabilia, and other papers documenting Harrison's life and career including his service as U.S. senator from Indiana and Prints & Photographs Online Catalog (Library of Congress). [9] Existing buildings could not house all the incoming troops, so new sheds were built with bunks; however, the soldiers had to bathe in Fall Creek. His service record is attached here: Union prison records show him as a "servant" in the 3rd Mississippi Infantry. [49] The city allocated three thousand dollars to rehabilitate the property, and the State Board of Agriculture eventually received $9,816.56 in property damages from the federal government. Camp Morton | Discover Indiana They asked state governors north of the Ohio River to organize accommodations. The memorial is dedicated to the 1,616 unknown Confederate soldiers who died at Camp Morton, a Union prison on the north side of Indianapolis, during the Civil War. In some cases, a surrogate (substitute image) is The two new wards of the hospital building are about completed and will be ready for use in a few days. The second primary source coming directly out of the prisons are diaries and correspondence. United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Detention facilities--Union--Indiana--Indianapolis. Another six hundred prisoners were soon released. Other materials require appointments for later the same day or in the future. Camp Morton was a military installation located north of Indianapolis. Each barrack was 16x100 fett, divided into 4 rooms and capable of holding 100 prisoners each. American Civil War Prisoner of War Camps List of American Civil War Prisoner of War Camps History Photos Andersonville Prisoner of War Camp Douglas Camp Morton Elmira Prison Point Lookout Johnson's Island Rock Island Libby Prison Photos American Civil War Prisoner of War Camps Thomas' Legion American Civil War HOMEPAGE American Civil War The local United Daughters of the Confederacy chapter, and the Southern Club of Indianapolis petitioned the United States Congress, receiving a $25,000 appropriation and the signature of then U.S. President Calvin Coolidge. Soldiers from Biddle's regiment were assigned to guard duty at the camp, with the assistance of other military companies. Between the captured prisoners of the battles of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson and August of that same year, it became a prison for 3,000 Confederates taken at the fort and was personally administered by Governor Morton. Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 382, 393 and 442. A deep runoff creek ran through the middle of the camp, but seldom contained much water except after a heavy rain. [34] Approximately thirty-five men escaped between April and the end of October 1863, but others were unsuccessful. [45][46][48] The monument was moved to Indianapolis's Garfield Park in 1928. Camp Morton held some 9,000 prisoners during its existence. Continued Confederate reverses crowded Morton, and individual complaints of maltreatment by guards surfaced. Reference staff can Additional prisoners arrived at the camp over the next three days, bringing the number of prisoners to thirty-seven hundred men. As most people believed the Confederate rebellion would be suppressed quickly, little thought was given initially to long-term accommodations for troops. I visited nearly every barracks and the hospitals. This meant that nearly 20% died while incarcerated there. By the end of 1863, the creek had become the receptacle of the camp's trash and debris. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Union & Confederate Civil War Prisoner of War Records, 1861-1865. [32], Escape attempts were more frequent after Owen's tenure at commandant. Pneumonia was the chief killer, followed by diarrhea/dysentery, and malaria. Names Cutter, E. P. (Eben P.), 1838-1898, former owner Created / Published [between 1862 and 1865] Headings - United States.--Army--Facilities--Indiana--Indianapolis--1860-1870 In March 1862, 144 prisoners died at the camp. On May 4, 1862, Owen reported less than one regiment plus 202 men from another were guarding more than four thousand prisoners at Camp Morton. Water supplies became polluted by sewage. Understanding why Camp Morton is important, but yet has not been remembered is a significant undertaking that consists of a multi-step process. Twenty years later with the threat of a railroad terminal being put through the cemetery, individuals and groups in Indianapolis petitioned to have the monument moved to a safer location. A federal court recently declared that Arizona's prison healthcare is so . Civil War training area in Indianapolis, IN, US, This article is about the American army camp in Indiana. Did You Know: Papago Park Was A Prisoner Of War Camp While understanding the context in which "pleasant" is used is important, viewing the number of times it was used in relation to other words adds another layer of context, and puts the word use into further perspective. Starting in February 1862 Camp Morton was a prisoner of war camp for captured Confederate soldiers throughout the war. [50] After 1890 the Herron-Morton Place neighborhood became known for its connections with then-president Benjamin Harrison. In my view one of the worst aspects of the war, on both sides, was prisoner treatment. In the above paragraphs, the primary sources from prisoners, newspaper articles, and even the Official Records of Camp Morton have been discussed. Following their departure, Camp Morton was used as a military training ground for Union troops and Indiana volunteers who were sent home on parole. Camp Morton was a military training ground and a Union prisoner-of-war camp in Indianapolis, Indiana, during the American Civil War. Search, View, Print Union & Confederate Civil War Prisoner of War Records, 1861-1865. The image above is of the monument and markers that now stand at Crown Hill Cemetery in Indianapolis, Indiana. He died while in the hands of the Confederates. Nadine Arroyo Rodriguez. As the prisoners left their barracks, I heard one of them exclaim, "Come on, boys." Cincinnati, Ohio ; Ft. Columbus, N.Y. -- reels 38-39. Following Confederate general Robert E. Lee's surrender on April 9, many of Camp Morton's prisoners were discharged. [15][43], It is not known for certain, but it is estimated that approximately 1,700 prisoners died at Camp Morton between 1862 and 1865. Additional Confederate prisoners came in August 1863, raising the total at the camp to nearly three thousand. [15] By April 1 the camp's inhabitants, including prisoners and guards, numbered five thousand. Camp Morton was a military installation located north of Indianapolis. [21], Colonel Richard Owen took over as commandant of the prisoner-of-war camp and served in that role until June 20, 1862, when his regiment was called to active duty and he departed Indianapolis with his men. As the text and visuals show, the remembrance of Camp Morton has depended on will always depend on more than monuments and arguments - it depends on solid sources that can be used. #1 Solomon Littleton is listed as having died in Camp Morton Prisoner of War camp in Indianapolis, Indiana on March 2, 1862 of Typhoid Fever. Remains of the prisoners were moved to Crown Hill in 1931 and 1,616 names are inscribed on the plaques. In the meantime, additional facilities for Confederate prisoners were established in two buildings on Meridian Street, known as Military Hospital Number 2 and Military Hospital Number 3, set up in an old post office on Meridian Street, near Washington Street. Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) is the premier urban Read More , On February 14, 1851, the Indiana General Assembly passed legislation for Read More , Herron-Morton Place is a historic district bounded by 22nd Read More , In 1874, the Jeffersonville Railroad sold a 98-acre tract along Read More , Crown Hill Cemetery was officially incorporated as a nonprofit, Read More , The Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) was a Read More , As the political capital and railroad hub of Indiana Read More , Prior to 1824, all cemeteries in Marion County were rural Read More , In July 1965, Lester and Betty Likens, traveling fair concessionaires, leftRead More Sylvia Likens Murder Case, (Nov. 11, 1923 May 28, 2001). Prior to the war, the site served as the fairgrounds for the Indiana State Fair. While the military facilities at Camp Morton no longer exist, the remains of 1,616 Confederate soldiers and sailors who died while prisoners at the camp are interred at Indianapolis's Crown Hill Cemetery. In the visual below, you will see that the world "pleasant" was used twenty-four times by Burke in his diary while at Camp Morton. Prisoners of Memory: Camp Morton, Indiana, 1862-1865 - BSU This table below also shows the use of the word "rations," only in two separate articles from Century Magazine. Camp Morton Prisoner of War Camp - mycivilwar.com Prisoners grew restless, and the number of guards had to be increased. [52], A bronze bust of Colonel Richard Owen, designed by Belle Kinney Scholz, the daughter of a Confederate soldier, is installed on the main floor of the Indiana Statehouse as a tribute to Owen's service as commandant at Camp Morton in 1862. These diaries also have positives and negatives. More were held temporarily in Lafayette and Terre Haute. Two new, but incomplete, hospital wards were opened in December 1863, increasing the hospital's capacity to 160 patients. No. But the ideological commitment of the prisonersenlisted men all, as their officers were held in Johnsons Island prison camp in Lake Eriedispelled such sentimentality. Although new barracks were quickly built, like the old halls, they were cheap and drafty. FCI Phoenix. Camp Morton, Indiana . [1] Two days after the first shots were fired at Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor, South Carolina, on April 12, 1861, Indiana's governor Morton offered to raise and equip ten thousand Indiana troops in response to President Abraham Lincoln's call for volunteers to suppress the Southern rebellion and preserve the Union. That said, deaths among the prisoners were numerous. [30], By 1863 Camp Morton's buildings were in need of repair, but little was spent on improvements. The most serious effort in the city occurred in August 1864, when Sons of Liberty conspirators led by Indianapolis businessman Harrison H. Dodd planned an armed uprising in Indiana and the city to release Confederate prisoners. A product of the Indianapolis Bicentennial effort (202021), the digital Encyclopedia of Indianapolis integrates and accesses the explosion and fragmentation of knowledge created both as born-digital information and as a large new digital archive. [2][3] Morton and his adjutant general, Lew Wallace, chose the site of the Indiana State Fairgrounds for a mustering ground and military camp at Indianapolis. Overcrowded barracks and the July heat caused more illnesses, including cases of malaria. However, at the start of the war it was turned into a training facility for Indiana troops, and because of the Unions need to house Confederate POWs it was converted to a temporary prison in 1862, with the first prisoners arriving on February 22, 1862. Only thirteen of its forty-two hundred prisoners escaped during his command of the camp. Before the start of the Civil War the ground that Camp Morton came to occupy was the Indiana State Fairgrounds. Lost Cause mythology promoted by Confederate apologists has long supposed that the camps were officered by cruel, vengeful tyrants who cared little for the welfare of the rebel prisoners. Both sides should have done more to properly care for prisoners. Wyeth details the lack of heat in the barracks, lack of food and the fight against starvation, and even malicious cruelties experienced by some prisoners and witnessed by him. Retrieved from the Library of Congress,
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camp morton prisoner list
