The extracted angle information is not only used to annotate the image of the guard plate in the dataset, but also to verify whether the annotated angle types of the guard plate are reasonable. The image dataset of the fully mechanized longwall mining face (DsLMF+) is of great significance for the application of object detection using intelligence data-mining in the field of coal mine, which is expected to be able to identify and warn the underground abnormal conditions, solving the problems of underground dangerous and inefficient work and thus accelerate the intellectualization of coal mine. Scientific Data AlexDesai PLUS. Article Scientific Data. History The basic idea of longwall mining was developed in England in the late 17th century. 6, 162 (2019). adversely impacted. The codes used for training and validation of the DsLMF+ datasets in this work adopts DETA, ViT-Adapter-L and YOLOv7 official published open source scripts, and the code of the above three deep learning network for dataset verification can be accessed via the following website link (https://github.com/jozhang97/deta), (https://github.com/czczup/vit-adapter), and (https://github.com/wongkinyiu/yolov7). Those features are fully documented in the new edition. system lost into the goaf, especially if there is a lot of water on the face. Meanwhile, the agreement also included the authorization for the disclosure of the portraits of the mine personnel, so as to ensure that the miners who are photographed in the coal mine scene were aware of the disclosure of the dataset. Article Electronics Letters. Find step-by-step Environmental science solutions and your answer to the following textbook question: Salt is mined underground using what technique? depending on a number of factors (see later notes). The availability and accuracy of the datasets were reviewed by experts in coal mine field. very high - in theory 100% of the block of coal being extracted, though in The DsLMF+ datasets built in this work consists of 6 categories, which are respectively coal miners, large coal, towline, mine safety helmet, hydraulic support guard plate and miners behaviors. J. Mining employees safety and the application of information technology in coal mining:Review. Xuhui Zhang professor mainly be responsible for the overall planning for organize dataset, Wenjuan Yang associate professor responsible for writing the thesis, Yongwei Liu in charge of collect dataset pictures, Mengyao Huang responsible for abnormal data filtering, Jianxing Yan, Bing Ma, Chao Zhang and Jicheng Wan are responsible for the dataset label annotation, Xuhui Zhang, Wenjuan Yang Yuyang Li, Yue Wang and Dian Zhao are responsible for the dataset label review, and put forward valuable opinion, Yujia Wu and Yanqun Wang are responsible for the training dataset, Manuscripts of the dataset were reviewed and reviewed by all authors. The access links of DETA, ViT-Adapter-L and YOLOv7 that used to verify the datasets are respectively https://github.com/jozhang97/deta, https://github.com/czczup/vit-adapter and https://github.com/wongkinyiu/yolov7. figshare https://figshare.com/s/1644c2e3d8295834ecf8 (2023). 50, 12921305 (2020). Applied Sciences. 12, 8927 (2022). 8 million tones per annum or more. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. In the method of secondary extraction known as Guan, Z., Hou, C., Zhou, S. & Guo, Z. How much saliva does a horse produce a day? Furthermore, the annotation tool Labelimg can be accessed and downloaded through the official website link https://github.com/heartexlabs/labelImg, the specific usage can refer to the corresponding README file. It is necessary to automatically identify and track large coal, so as to timely judge and warn the abnormal state of large coal. face conditions often depend on production being more or less continuous, so For the dataset verification, the coal miners, large coal, towline, mine safety helmet, hydraulic support guard plate and miners behaviours in the datasets are trained and evaluated. For the fully mechanized longwall mining face, large sized coal is easy to cause scraper conveyor blockage, retention and other abnormal state. In accordance with the coal mining process of the fully mechanized coal face, once the hydraulic support plate is not in place or not fully recovered during the working process, it may cause the movement interference between hydraulic support and shearer. Research on Underwater Target Recognition Technology Based on Neural Network. Psych Exam 1. Longwall Mining. Yang, L., Birhane, G. E., Zhu, J., Geng, J. been installed, coal can be extracted along the full length of the face in https://www.thefreedictionary.com/longwall, (Mining & Quarrying) a method of extracting coal from a mine whereby a long wall of coal is mined at one time, ENPNewswire-August 23, 2019--Mechel Reports Launch of New, "While some mine operators own some pieces of, Arch Coal announced that it has commenced development of a, It is common to see roadways laid ahead of workface in, Therefore, quantitatively relating the fracturing of the main roof to the change in strain energy in the rock around the, International Resource News-August 16, 2013--Cumberland Coal resumes operations at, Denver, CO, May 31, 2013 --(PR.com)-- Gates Corporation, a global diversified manufacturer of industrial and automotive aftermarket parts, will introduce its patent-pending iLok[TM] coupling for underground coal mines at the 2013, The 29 papers in this collection cover plow technology and its perspectives, and constructing and maintaining opening-out headings for plowing, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Mechel Reports Launch of New Longwall at Southern Kuzbass, Concerns about Bis-Cougar mining equipment deal, Arch Coal commences development of longwall mine in West Virginia, The Impact of Airway Geometry on the Distribution of Methane Concentrations at the Outlet from a Longwall, Accident Analysis in Relation to Main Roof Structure When Longwall Face Advances toward a Roadway: A Case Study, EFFECTS OF MAIN ROOF FRACTURING ON ENERGY EVOLUTION DURING THE EXTRACTION OF THICK COAL SEEMS IN DEEP LONGWALL FACES, -Cumberland Coal resumes operations at longwall mine, Gates Corporation to Introduce New iLok[TM] Coupling for Underground Coal Mines at 2013 Longwall USA Exhibition & Conference, New techniques and technologies in thin coal seam exploitation; proceedings, Longview/Gladewater/Kilgore, TX, USA - Gregg County, Longville Ambulance Subordinate Service District. Underground mining currently accounts for a bigger share of world coal production than opencast. Longwalls are not very flexible and are "unforgiving" - they do not handle seam discontinuities well; 110 (2022). The author would like to thank the several coal mines of Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group Sunjiacha Longhua Mining Co.,LTD for providing us with effective access to the image database of fully mechanized mining face and agreeing to open the dataset. Finally, the filtered original image datasets were annotated using LabelImg software and named the label, and here we provide an official open source download link (https://github.com/heartexlabs/labelImg) for the Labelimg software. The longwall panel (the block of coal that is being mined) is typically 3 - 4 km long and 250 - 400 m wide. Fax: +44 (0) 1442 870 617 Other Quizlet sets. Safety helmet is a kind of safety equipment that coal miners must wear at all times during their work. The camera can complete the image acquisition with a maximum resolution of 5 megapixels, the frame rate is 1~30FPS, and the used video formats are Flash video (FLV) and MPEG-4. ADS The authors declare no competing interests. practice there is always some coal spillage or leakage off the face haulage Scientific data. 3, 112 (2022). Coal mining takes place either underground or through surface/ opencast operations. to fit into the excavation and allow room for access past them, for ventilation Xuhui Zhang. The FFmpeg video processing software is used to process the needed classified videos31 and clip relevant images according to the different frame rate settings. The coal is loaded on to large trucks or conveyors for transport to either the coal preparation plant or direct to where it will be used. The intelligence mining has become one of the important ways to address the high-risk underground work, and achieve the goal of safe and efficient underground production2. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. To ensure the reliability of the DsLMF+ dataset in this work, we also conducted a comprehensive manual review of all images and their corresponding label annotation. Longwall mining systems are capable of producing significant outputs from a single longwall face - 8 million tones per annum or more. Multicultural 504: Sexual Orientation. In this work, some high dust and water mist images, defocused and motion blurred image as well as clear image were selected from the collected raw images data, and constructed an image filtering dataset for the training and verification of the tri-classification automatic filter model. However, if the target moves too fast, the picture obtained by video conversion will inevitably be blurred. where the coal had previously been excavated and supported to collapse It recovers a higher proportion of the coal deposit than underground mining as all coal seams are exploited 90% or more of the coal can be recovered. 2) Due to the limited field of view of a camera or the occlusion, the target acquisition is incomplete in the process of image acquisition, resulting in only local features of the target are included in the acquired images. Each of these folders contains the training set image folder, verification set image folder and label folder respectively named as train2017, val2017 and annotations, which are used to store training set pictures, verification set pictures and label files. Cite this article. Learn. longwall mining a relatively long mining face (typically in the range 100 to & Lu, Z. Weakly supervised classification model for zero-shot semantic segmentation. J. Longwall Mining is a form of underground coal mining where a long wall of coal is mined in a single slice (typically 0.6 - 1.0 m thick). 94, 104630 (2022). There is a history of cooperation between Hauhinco and . Towline is used in fully mechanized mining face to ensure the power supply and stable operation of shearer. Apart from the direct cost involved, Mine subsidence is where the ground level lowers as a result of mining taking place beneath it. The roadways which form the sides of the Xia, G.S. 8, 66 (2021). The downhole datasets are still blank at present, in order to construct and facilitate the promotion and application of image dataset of the fully mechanized face in the field of intelligent coal mining, the compatibility and practicability of the coal mine dataset should be taken into consideration. The involved dataset labels of the hydraulic support guard plate states are shown in Fig. Bauer, Z. et al. In addition to these common datasets, we can also customize the dataset through pytorch framework, but the custom dataset format is complex, diversified and poor sharing29. 9, 6848268497 (2021). Lin, X. et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02322-9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02322-9. discontinuities or variations, already existing mine development and/or Click here to navigate to respective pages. In pursuit of high productivity and cutting cost, life cycle management that increases equipment reliability has been implemented by OEM. J. Solution mining: An underground mining method that includes dissolving minerals or resources in a solvent and then extracting them. If material is not included in the articles Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Other Quizlet sets. The object detection using intelligence data-mining is inseparable from datasets and a large number of samples are required for training to achieve better generalization4,5,6. Improved Traffic Sign Detection Algorithm Based on Faster R-CNN. All the above abnormal video images need to be manually or automatically eliminated in the process of image dataset production. The single-label datasets of the large coal, mine safety helmet, towline and mine personnel are named as large_coal, mine_safety_helmet, towline and coal miner, respectively. Among them, hydraulic_support_guard_plate_00 state is the state when the guard plate is fully recovered and there is no interference with shearer operation. Label annotation for the dataset of fully mechanized longwall mining face: (a) Coal miner; (b) large coal; (c) mine safety helmet; (d) towline; (e) hydraulic support guard plate; (f) miners behaviors. Longwall Mining, 3rd Edition (1st ed.). Surface mining is used when the coal seam is near the surface. In order to ensure the universality and compatibility of this dataset, we collected the images of mine personnel, large coal, towline, mine safety helmet, miners behaviors and hydraulic support guard plate from multiple scenes, respectively. In mining: Longwall mining In the longwall system the ore body is divided into rectangular panels or blocks. DOTA: A Large-scale Dataset for Object Detection in Aerial Images. 5) Due to the influence of the downhole environment and the distance between the target from the camera, the target object at a far distance is difficult to distinguish from other equipment. The DsLMF+ dataset of the coal mine image in the fully mechanized longwall mining face has been publicly available at the figshare data repository33. The specific review method is as follows: five members with rich working experience in the coal mining field are selected to check the image dataset and label information one by one to see whether there are missing or wrong labels. & Song, R. A real-time object detection model for orchard pests based on improved YOLOv4 algorithm. It is inseparable from the construction of datasets, but the downhole dataset is still blank at present. In addition, the files coal_miner_DsLMF, large_coal_DsLMF, mine_safety_helmet_DsLMF, towine_DsLMF, miner_behavior_DsLMF and hydraulic_support_guard_plate_DsLMF are provided to be used to better distinguish the images of mine personnel, large coal, towline, miners behavior, mine safety helmet and guard plate in different scenarios in DsLMF+ datasets, and the image index corresponding to the different scenes are given in the files. The Labelimg software has been used to complete the label annotation of datasets in the YOLO format30, which make it convenient to be used in the currently popular YOLO series target detection networks. The hyper-parameters of the above three target detection algorithms were on the reference to the recommended default values. Breadcrumbs Section. Step 4 4 of 6 In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles Francies, M. L., Ata, M. M. & Mohamed, M.A. Each folder contains the picture folders and label folders that named as images and labels, in which respectively stores image data and label data. installed is referred to as the "main gate" (or "maingate"), with the roadway at the opposite end Longwall definition, noting or pertaining to a means of extracting coal or other minerals in an underground mine from a continuous face, the roof before the face being supported at intervals by temporary or movable artificial supports. Figure2 shows the label annotations of coal miners, large coal, towline, mine safety helmet, miners behavior and supporting state of the hydraulic support guard plate. We also encourage other researchers in coal mine field to expand and improve the DsLMF+ dataset. The image acquisition equipment is composed of IVG-G5A network HD camera and Openmv IMX335(1/2.8) lens. The DsLMF+ datasets were trained on a machine with Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6330 CPU, RTX A5000 GPU and Ubantu18.04. (becoming a goaf). J. If the order is changed, the label order of the dataset will be automatically changed to the current label order, and the original labeled annotations will appear in the current order, resulting in label confusion in the dataset. Permanent supports are repetitive process which is ideal for strata control and for associated mining Also, a new chapter Longwall Top Coal Caving Mining (LTCC) is added due to its successful application in Australia since 2005. Xu, Z., Li, J. Created by. (a) coal miners; (b) large coal;(c) towline; (d) mine safety helmet; (e) miners behaviours; (f) hydraulic support guard plate. These folders also contain training set folders and verification set folders. Longwall mining systems The drive units have 3. global warming IM can now exclusively reveal that Caterpillar Inc is set to effectively withdraw completely from underground coal and soft rock mining through the divestment of its longwall business to Germany's Hauhinco Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, based in Sprockhvel, North Rhine-Westphalia. In order to make it reproducibility of the datasets, we used ResNet50 to build a tri-classification automatic filtering network model to deal with the low-quality images that affected by downhole environmental factors such as high dust, water mist, motion blur, etc. There are 30704 mine personnel images with 24563 images in training sets and 6141 in validation set, 21017 large coal images with 16813 images in training sets and 4204 in validation set, 21412 towline images with 17129 in training sets and 4283 in validation set, 20117 mine safety helmet images with 16093 in training set and 4024 in validation set, 24709 miners behavior images with 19767 in training sets and 4942 in validation set, and 20045 hydraulic support guard plates images with 16036 in training sets and 4009 in validation set. PubMed Central Team Publishing Ltd Other steps can also be taken, including fitting drills with dust collection systems and purchasing additional land surrounding the mine to act as a buffer zone. 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2023 Informa UK Limited, Peng, S. (2019). By carefully pre-planning projects, implementing pollution control measures, monitoring the effects of mining and rehabilitating mined areas, the coal industry minimises the impact of its activities on the neighbouring community, the immediate environment and on long-term land capability. The abnormal images that need to be processed mainly include the following situations: 1) When the fully mechanized mining face is affected by severe environmental factors such as high dust and water mist, it is difficult to identify the coal miners, large coal and hydraulic support guard plate, towline, mine safety helmet and miners behaviors in the collected images. Lu, Y., Lu, J., Zhang, S. & Hall, P. Traffic signal detection and classification in street views using an attention model. Tables17 respectively describes the datasets of mine safety helmet, towline, coal miners, miners behavior, large coal and guard plate in multiple different scenarios. 239 (2022). Operations are very concentrated ("all eggs in one basket"). Shen, F., Wang, Z. Joy-engineered powered roof support PRS solutions. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Implementation of Video Transcoding Client Based on FFMPEG. Considering that the downhole datasets are still blank at present, this work constructs image dataset DsLMF+ for intelligent recognition of abnormal condition in underground longwall mining face, which mainly consists of the hydraulic support guard plate, large coal, towline, mine safety helmet, coal miners and miners behaviour in the fully mechanized face. J. Multimedia tools and applications. these chains have to be manhandled on the face at times and there are Once the label order is determined, the label order cannot be changed when open the software to label next time. 9, 429 (2022). The abnormal condition of the working face was judged by specialized personnel through real-time video surveillance in traditional production process, this may result in the abnormal condition not be found in time because the visual fatigue during the long-term work. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. cut coal falls onto conveyor and is carried away rom panel. Other roof supports (longwall chocks or shields on modern longwalls) Publishers note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Journal of Big Data. problems which cause delays can compound into major events. 15 answers. History [ edit] When operating correctly the coal is mined in a systematic, relatively continuous and repetitive process which is ideal for strata control and for associated mining operations 24 terms. +61 401 944 478, Christopher Demetriou, Aimed to protect the personnel safety of fully mechanized mining face, it is necessary to identify and track the mine personnel so as to judge whether the mine personnels are in a safe area. The WCA represents industry leaders, committed to building a sustainable future for global coal. International Journal of Simulation Modeling. In order to ensure the accuracy of angle labeling, this work uses the built-in sensor in the hydraulic support of the fully mechanized mining face to detect and extract the angle information of the guard plate in real time. The coal face can vary in length from 100-350m. The original underground monitoring videos of the fully mechanized coal mining face were offered by several coal mines in Shaanxi Province of China, which were then screened and classified according to the different target object. Coal will remain the dominant energy source worldwide for decades to come1. ADS abbeydearden. Lin, L. et al. Define longwall. J. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Considering that there is no target object to be annotated in some original images data, that is, the images do not include the mine personal, large coal, towline, hydraulic support guard plate and other target categories that need to be annotated. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like beds or layers, caved roof materials, at the face and more. 13 (2021). incorporate shearers, roof supports, face conveyors and more into one system that can be tightly orchestrated by advanced electronics including cutting-edge automation. 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