The revolt is also known by the name Maccabee, after the most renowned of Mattathiass sons, Judah the Maccabee (which means Judah the hammer). Teotihuacn: The Ancient City Designed to Track Time (Video), The Oldest Hand-sewn Boat Wreck in the Mediterranean to Resurface, Exceptionally Preserved Still Shining Bronze Age Sword Unearthed in Bavaria, Five da Vinci inventions that could have revolutionized the history of technology, Medieval Hoods: Why Everyone from Peasants to Nobles Had to Have Them (Video). In the year 164 BC, we have what has been called in history the Maccabean revolt. Krakw: Jagiellonian University Press, 2010. Hanukkah celebrations include gift-giving, the recitation of prayers of blessing, spending time with family, and playing games such as spinning dreidels. The Jewish rebels soon organized a real army modeled on the Greek military forces and capable, when fighting on its own terrain, of overcoming the Syrian troops. In 198 BC, Antiochus III took over Israel. But he was turned away in Elymais (1 Macc. Thus, the edifice of a Jewish state enjoying political and military power was to last for less than a century before its collapse. With Saturdays events, he said, Mr. Putin had conclusively lost his status as the guarantor of the elites wealth and security. This infuriated the Jewish community. According to the first book of Maccabees, one of the Hellenistic kings defiled the temple, forbade circumcision, and even set up altars to his gods. He assumed or received the name Judas Maccabeus, which means Judas the Hammerer. He became a national hero and remains a national hero in Jewish tradition because of his daring and bold raids and forays against the invaders. WebThe Second Book of the Maccabees. They cleaned the Temple and dismantled the defiled altar and constructed a new one in its place. 2:29). Where was Eden? Translated by S. Applebaum. Thus it appears that the revolt was directed first of all against those Jews who were willing to submit to Greek custom. Mattathias took his five sons and his followers to the wilderness to fight guerilla warfare (1 Macc. Antiochus had the leader of the brothers tortured: The soldiers cut out his tongue, cut off his hands and feet, scalped him, and threw him alive onto a heated frying pan (2 Macc. Reprinted with permission fromCelebrate! 145144 BCE: Alexander Balas is overthrown at the Battle of Antioch (the capital of the empire) by Demetrius II Nicator in alliance with Ptolemy VI Philometor of Egypt. How did the Maccabean revolt unfold? WebThe Maccabean Revolt The centuries leading up to the birth of Christ were filled with the drama of conquest and revolution. Consequently, the old priest slew the man. Archaeology and Material Culture of Nabataea and the Nabat Altered States of Consciousness in the Bible. These made Judea a military power roughly equal in strength to that of its Seleucid opponents; the self enthronement of the Hasmoneans was first undertaken either by Judas Aristobulus (reigned 104103BCE) or by his brother, Alexander Janneus (reigned 10376BCE). However, while the reign of Alexander Janneus may be perceived as the high point of the Jewish state, his reign witnessed not only foreign wars of expansion but also a bloody civil war waged by the king against the Pharisees. 7:39). The Ptolemies ruled Palestine until 198 BC, when Antiochus III threw them out. ( Phillip Medhurst ). Ancient Greek Laws | History, Facts & Characteristics. (Wojciech Stattler / Public domain ). (2 Macc. 1:60). 92106. He started to reign in Israel in 175 BC (1 Macc. The Revolt of the Maccabees is a major event in Jewish history. To conclude, the Maccabean Revolt was a significant period in Jewish history. 91186, with minor changes. Schocken Library 6. Second Temple History & Destruction | Who Destroyed the Second Temple? Top image: Judas Maccabeus' attack on the Jerusalems Accra during the Maccabean Revolt. Your current browser may not support copying via this button. Jewish tradition records two very different approaches to dealing with the religious persecutions of Antiochus IV. One of the most significant victories won by Judas was the Battle of Emmaus, which was fought in 166 BC. Please review their Privacy Policy as it may differ from ours. 2:2-4). They also cultivated relations with distant nations, either for symbolic reasons, as in the case of the alliance with Sparta which was based upon the notion of affinity between the heirs of Lycurgus and the heirs of Moses, or for practical purposes, as in the alliance with Rome, the most formidable enemy of the Greeks. The old priest was appointed as the leader of the rebellion and succeeded in persuading the Jews to fight on the sabbath if they needed to. 1 Maccabees records that Antiochus tried to plunder Persia, because he was short on money. From the outset of the conflict, Putin knew he couldnt afford to suffer a loss in Ukraine. In about 160 BC (1 Macc. Maccabees. A lead sling bullet from the Hellenistic period with a Greek inscription proclaiming victory in battle, has been discovered in Israel. Ptolemy VI Philometor was placed on the throne as a Seleucid puppet. ), 1737. WebThe Revolt of the Maccabees. Until 141 BC, however, a Seleucid garrison remained in the citadel (Acra) of Jerusalem, protecting by its very presence those Jews who wished to maintain the Hellenistic way of life. Hellenistische Reform und Religionsverfolgung in Juda: Eine Untersuchung zur jdisch-hellenistischen Geschichte (175163 v. In this brief clip from his teaching series Dust to Glory, R.C. 6:18). He declared Jerusalem free, issued a restoration of the Temple, and even said he would become a Jewish evangelist (2 Macc. 9:4). When another Jew stepped forward to make the sacrifice, Mattathias killed him on the altar. The fact that Hanukkah is celebrated to this day demonstrates the lasting significance of the Maccabean Revolt. For instance, Antiochus was succeeded by his son, Antiochus V, who was still a child. Maccabees | Meaning, History, Significance, Revolt, & Facts (trans. When Judas and his followers rededicated the Temple, they found that there was only enough untainted olive oil to keep the candles of the menorah burning for a day, as the rest of the oil had been profaned. - History & Explanation, Lecompton Constitution: Definition & Summary, Popular Sovereignty: Definition & Examples, Role of Elizabeth Blackwell in the Civil War, The Union & the Confederacy: Map & Major Events, Commodore Matthew C. Perry & Japan: Biography, Transportation & Manufacturing Advance Post-Civil War, Isaac Meritt Singer: Inventions & Biography, Social Darwinism: Significance & Movement, Governor Al Smith & the 1928 Presidential Election, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, The persecution of Judaism by the Seleucid Empire, The prohibition on various Jewish practices by the Seleucid Empire. WebIn 198 BC, Antiochus III took over Israel. The man the rebels sought to oust appeared for the first time since they launched the revolt, with Defense Minster Sergei Shoigu shown visiting troops in a video released by his ministry early Monday. Once again, diplomacy played a part in the revolt. This name traces its origin to Judas Maccabeus, a priest and the leader of the revolt. 5:24). Antiochus commanded the people to not keep the Sabbath or the festivals (2 Macc. With great diplomatic skill they learned how to exploit the quarrels within the Seleucid dynasty, opportunely supporting some of the usurpers and obtaining various concessions in return. Ancient South American Civilizations | Overview, History & Facts. He was given nickname Maccabeus (Greek Makkabaios, Hammer) because of his intensity in battle. Though these empires promoted Greek culture (which many Jewish people accepted through learning to speak the Greek language), they mostly left the Jewish community to tend to its own religious affairs. When is Hanukkah 2023? One can offer alternative dates for the Maccabean Revolution. Well, in the beginning of this period, very shortly after the revolt broke out, Mattathias died, and so the leadership of the revolt fell to his third oldest son, whose name was Judas. we have two or three centuries devoted to the conquest and settlement of the new country, a time of disorder represented for us in the Book of Judges, and yet not destitute of growth and 204 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MACCABEAN PERIOD 295 efforts towards national unity. The Seleucid ruler banned the Jewish cult in an attempt to force the Jews (and the Samaritans) to forsake their belief in the God of Israel. Users without a subscription are not able to see the full content on 10:6). 2002-2023 My Jewish Learning. 9:28). In both periods, foreign powers conquered the natives, employing colonists from the home country who secured their holding, which was effected through the establishment of urban and agricultural settlements. [2] Robert Horton Gundry, A Survey of the New Testament, 4th ed (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2003), 7. 10251149. JosephusThe War of the Jews . By the end of the war, Simon was the only one of the five sons of Maccabean Revolt: Overview & History | When was the Maccabean Revolt? Josephus The Antiquities of the Jews . Some of the other studies prefer to open their investigation with the annexation of Coele Syria and Phoenicia, Judea included, to the Seleucid Kingdom (Bickerman 1979). He told his persecutors that he would rather be sent to Hades! Mattathias died in 166 BC (1 Macc. Dated to 2,200 years old, it was excavated in Yavne, and bears Hanukkah or the Jewish Festival of Lights is celebrated in memory of the recovery of the Second Temple in Jerusalem from the Seleucid Empire in the 2nd century BC. Antiochus Eupator turned on Menelaus, realizing that Menelaus was responsible for all of the bloodshed with the Jewish people (2 Macc. Judith and Esther, heroines of the recent past, were depicted as the daughters of the bold prophetess Deborah, while Judah himself was presented as an incarnation of Joshuajudge and conqueror of the land. Virtues and Vices: New Testament Ethical Exhortation in I Women, Gender, and Sexuality in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testa Worship in the New Testament and Earliest Christianity. The Seleucid Empire, Having defeated the Ptolemies, Antiochus left Egypt, leaving the two brothers to fight amongst themselves. Chapter 1. Cro-Magnon: Description & Facts | What Did Cro-Magnons Look Like? After consulting with experts on Native American rock writing and ancient Chinese scripts to corroborate his analysis. The Jewish revolt against the Greeks sets a precedent in human history - it becomes the worlds first religious war. Get all the details on the holiday here. Well, its this man Pompey who was responsible for the Roman conquest of the Jewish nation in the year 63. Therefore, they did battle with the Jews. Gera, Dov. Judaism and various Jewish practices were also banned. The temple was filled with debauchery and reveling by the Gentiles, who dallied with prostitutes and had intercourse with women within the sacred precincts, and besides brought in things for sacrifice that were unfit (2 Macc. Mesopotamian Priests: History & Overview | What were Mesopotamian Priests? Finally, Mattathias tore down the altar. In other words, the Maccabean Revolt was presented as a nationalistic uprising against the oppression of a foreign power. Nathan Jones: Once Antiochus Epiphanes desecrated the Temple by sacrificing a pig on the altar and erected a statue of Zeus in the Holy of Holies, the profane act both shocked those loyal to Yahweh God and caused the rise of the priestly Maccabee family to rise up and wage war against the tyrant. Alien Wisdom: The Limits of Hellenization. 2:24-25) This is where the Zealot party got their name (1 Macc. It witnessed significant events, reforms, and power shifts within Palestine that deeply influenced the socio-political and religious environment of Jesus time. Against this background, his hypothesis seems paradoxical. Only then was it directed against the foreign occupier, the Syrian ruler who was forcibly imposing his culture upon the Jewish population and plundering the Temple and the land. Falls in the Hebrew month of Kislev, which usually corresponds with December. In 169 BC, Antiochus was in control of the whole of Egypt, apart from Alexandria. AtAncient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. 5:15), killed all the men, and sold the women and children as slaves (2 Macc. Brills Series in Jewish Studies 8. To encourage Mattathias, he was offered rich rewards , and was promised that he and his family would be in the number of the kings friends.. Whilst Judaea started off as an enemy of Rome, it would later become one of its client kingdoms, and eventually, a Roman province . Within the framework of a lecture titled Greeks, Jews and Romans from Antiochus III to Pompey (pp. Decreeing that studying Torah, observing the Sabbath, and circumcising Jewish boys were punishable by death, he sent Syrian overseers and soldiers to villages throughout Judea to enforce the edicts and force Jews to engage in idol worship. Pict History, Kingdoms & Language | Who were the Picts of Scotland? The time predicted in Daniel 11 took place during what is known as the Intertestamental Periodthe roughly 400 years between the close of the Old Testament and the beginning of the New. The Maccabees fought both the foreign Seleucids and homegrown Hellenism. Accidental Find of Impeccably Preserved Ming Dynasty Taizhou Mummy, Ambushes and Betrayals: 7 Assassinations that Shook the Ancient World, Stealing History: 10 of the Most Tragic Artifact Thefts in History, Empire Builders: Ancient Leaders Who Shaped History (Video), Dies Sanguinis: Rome's Day of Blood, Sacrifice & Military Might, Tall el-Hammam: Is This Ancient City the Real Sodom? The idea that Putin is in power and Messiah on Temple Mount: Are We Nearing the End of Time? 7:10-19). Whats your favorite ancient site or museum virtual tour? All citations are taken from the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV). 6:9). In many ways, this book owes much to Bickermans thesis (Bickerman 1979) assigning responsibility for the persecution to the Jewish Hellenizers. Metal Ages: History, Facts & Timeline | Bronze, Iron & Copper Ages. The advent of Rome, first to Syria and then to Judea, soon brought about the subjugation of the Jews (63BCE). Were theonlyPop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. I've always enjoyed the Holiday Hanankua when I studied the Holiday at school in first and Second Grade we celebrated together despite most of us not being Jewish that's how I came to like those potato pancakes. Emperor Antiochus increasingly intervened in the affairs of the Jews. However, a process of acculturation began, affecting both the indigenous population and the colonial ruling class. Bringmann offers a new chronological framework for the events discussed, which was not universally received. Get all the details on the holiday here. Antiochus seized the opportunity to take control of the Seleucid Empire, and ruled jointly with another of Seleucus sons, the infant Antiochus, whom he subsequently murdered. when i was a young man in the un in the levant, i used to drink macabee beer in isreal, it was good beer! The Brilliance of Pre-diluvian Sculpture - Cannot Be Hand Made! This escalation was a key factor for Antiochuss decision to launch a new policy of replacing the Jewish cult with a pagan one. The Hasmonean Revolt and Its Place in the History of Jewish Society and Religion. Journal of World History 11 (1968): 92106. Nancy, France: Presses Universitaires de Nancy, 1986. 9:9). And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. Sign up to take a journey through Hanukkah and go deeper into the Festival of Lights. WebThe revolt put an end to Jewish aspirations for the reconstruction of Jerusalem and the Temple as well as, more concretely, for Jewish settlement in the region of Judaea. 1:45-49). What's your favourite Fairy Tales (and their possible origins), about Ancient Bullet With Victory Inscription Uncovered in Israel, about Seleucid Sling Stone Sheds New Light on Jewish Hannukah Story, about Evidence of Hannukah Story Found in Razed Hellenistic Fortress, New Evidence Ancient Chinese Explorers Landed in America Excites Experts, The Enigma of Norway's Great Lake Beast (Video), Jinn: Tales of Wish Masters Throughout Time, Ashurbanipal: The Most Powerful Man on Earth (Video). Consequently, they were slaughtered. Moreover, Josephus even describes Bacchides as a good man, which seems to contradict the description of the general in his other account. 6:23). This was thanks to the continued efforts of the Seleucid Empire, which was established by one of Alexander's right-hand men, Seleucus. Neither did the war end with the death of Antiochus in late 164 (around the time Jerusalem was recaptured), as his successors continued the war with the rebels. Menelaus out-bribed Antiochus for the high priesthood in 172 BC (2 Macc. Reprinted in Bickermans Studies in Jewish and Christian History, Vol. WebPalestine during the Maccabean period. Josephus reports that the King came up to Jerusalem: and, pretending peace, he got possession of the city by treachery. I feel like its a lifeline. 4). [Online] Available at: http://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/, Fisk, B. N., 2021. Apart from dealing with external enemies, the Seleucids were also faced with internal problems. 2:19). This man was Antiochus IV Epiphanes , the ruler of the Seleucid Empire, and a noteworthy character in his own right. Internal Jewish struggles were apparently not motivated by support for, or opposition to, the Ptolemies and the Seleucids. The revolt is also known by the name Maccabee, after the most renowned of Mattathiass sons, Judah the Maccabee (which means Judah the hammer). 6:1-2). Moreover, the Seleucid army could not be defeated by guerrilla warfare alone. Republished as recently as 2011 (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic). But this time, the conquerors were the Romans, and the general who was responsible for the conquest of Palestine in the year 63 BC is a man with whom were somewhat familiar because of our awareness of Shakespeares play, Julius Caesar, and our history books that tell us of the first great triumvirate that included in its members the general whose name was Pompey. Agoge, Spartan Training Program: Overview & History | What was Agoge? 2:27). Yevgeny Prigozhin said on Monday that he regretted the The Maccabean revolt came to pass when a man, a Jewish believer by the name of Mattathias, who had five sons, rose up in protest against the policies of Antiochus and sought to fight a rearguard guerilla warfare-type of insurrection against the Antiochan invaders. Not long after this, the king sent an Athenian senator to compel the Jews to forsake the laws of their ancestors and no longer to live by the laws of God; also to pollute the temple in Jerusalem and to call it the temple of Olympian Zeus, and to call the one in Gerizim the temple of Zeus-the-Friend-of-Strangers, as did the people who lived in that place (2 Macc. The books first half discusses the political and military history of the Hasmoneans, from the early days until Judeas submission to Roman power in 63 BCE. Ancient Greek Soldiers: History & Facts | What was a Hoplite? WebThe Maccabean Revolt was an insurrection by Jewish patriots (the Maccabees) against the Seleucid Empire and parties who wished to adopt Greek culture. As Judas was heavily outnumbered by the Seleucids, he resorted to guerrilla warfare, which was a highly effective strategy, as it won the Maccabees many victories. 6:30). Each time I visit, Im stunned at the beauty, sophistication, and John A. Ruskamp Jr., Ed.D., reports that he has identified an outstanding, history-changing treasure hidden in plain sight. Though Maccabeus' brother Jonathan Apphus continued the rebellion, the Seleucid army was able to retake control of Jerusalem soon afterward, ending the After years of war with Mattathias and Judas Maccabeus, Antiochus Epiphanes IV died. In 168 BCE, the ruler of the Syrian kingdom, Antiochus Epiphanes IV, stepped up his campaign to quash Judaism, so that all subjects in his vast empire which included the Land of Israel would share the same culture and worship the same gods. This what I feel about The Maccabees Revolt so until next time Everyone, Goodbye! Mattathias called on the devout Jews of Modiin to follow him, and fled with his sons into the mountains, as they expected retribution form the Seleucids. Besides intervening with Jewish affairs by appointing a Hellenized Jewish leader by the name of Jason and then replacing him with another by the name of Menelaus, Antiochus also trespassed into the Temple of Jerusalem and seized its treasury to fund a war against Egypt. 9:3), most of Judas men abandoned himonly 800 remained. We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. ], Knight, G. A. F., 2021. The God of the Maccabees: Studies on the Meaning and Origin of the Maccabean Revolt. Judas was killed at the Battle of Elasa in 160 BC, and his brother, Jonathan, took over as leader of the revolt. The Maccabean Revolt was a Jewish rebellion against the Seleucid Empire that took place during the 2nd century BC. [Online]Available at: https://www.livius.org/articles/concept/syrian-war-6/, New World Encyclopedia, 2018. After overtaking a group of the rebels, the Seleucids tried to persuade them to repent, but they would not. 2, edited by Amram Tropper (Boston: Brill, 2007), pp. They did this on the Sabbath, so that the Jewish people wouldnt fight back (2 Macc. The Kremlin had said an investigation into Yevgeny V. Prigozhins role in the brief uprising against Russias military command was dropped, but Russian news media Antiochus Epiphanes (God manifest) was called Epimanes (madman) by his enemies. Bickerman, Elias. The Seleucid official too was slain by Mattathias, and the altar to the Greek gods torn down. That's how I found out about the Catholic Bible. [Online]Available at: https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Antiochus_IV_Epiphanes, Vidal-Naquet, P., 2021. Josephus claims that Antiochus violent treatment of Jerusalem and its inhabitants did not satisfy the king. 5:5). Throughout history, assassination has been a brutal and effective tool of power, used to eliminate rivals and shape the course of nations. The family of Mattathias and Judah ruled until the rise of the Herods in 63 BC. 5. in History and Political Science from the same university and wrote his senior thesis on the history of radical right-wing movements in the United States. Gttingen, Germany: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1983. No wonder, then, that soon after his death (76BCE), increasing divisions within the royal house coupled with the rivalry between the Pharisees and Sadducees eroded the remaining strength of the Hasmonean Kingdom. Three years to the day after Antiochus mad rampage (Kislev 25, 165 BCE), the Maccabees held a dedication (hanukkah) of the Temple with proper sacrifice, rekindling of the golden menorah, and eight days of celebration and praise to God. Still others select the reign of Antiochus IV as their starting point (Sievers 1990). I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds. Stelae Overview, Purpose & Creation | What is a Stele? With the rallying cry Whoever is for God, follow me! Mattathias and his five sons (Jonathan, Simon, Judah, Eleazar, and Yohanan) fled to the hills and caves of the wooded Judean wilderness. The Maccabean Revolt was caused by several factors including: In 338 BCE, the Greek-Macedonian conqueror Alexander the Great invaded the Persian Empire. [4] Ivor J. Davidson, The Birth of the Church: From Jesus to Constantine, AD 30312 (Vol. 643 lessons. From the outset of the conflict, Putin knew he couldnt afford to suffer a loss in Ukraine. DeSilva writes, Antiochus III, the great-great-grandson of Seleucus I, wrested Palestine from Ptolemaic control in 198 B.C.E. Hanukkah. He believed he was dying from his anxiety, and he thought that his poor fortune was because he went against Israel (1 Macc. Who would you pick for the best military leaders of all time? 8:28). The holiday of Hanukkah, one of the most important in Judaism, celebrates Maccabeus' seizure of Jerusalem and the cleansing of the Temple of Jerusalem of the polytheistic faith imposed by Antiochus. The books premise is the similarity between the Hellenistic world and the modern eras colonial powers. The Jews were able to turn this to their advantage, by negotiating a sort of peace with the Seleucid regent. the Maccabees) suffered from internal decay, splitting apart. New vessels were brought into the Temple, whilst the defiled altar was torn down, and replaced with a new one. The new cult was to totally replace the Jewish Law. [Online]Available at: https://www.history.com/topics/holidays/hanukkah, Josephus,The Antiquities of the Jews [Online], [Whiston, W. Judas and his small remaining men put up a good fight, but Judas was ultimately killed (1 Macc. Antiochus made it a capital crime to practice Temple offerings, Sabbaths, festivals, and circumcision (1 Macc. Mattathias killed the man on the altar, killed the Antiochus official, and tore down the pagan altar! These negotiations also secured them their freedom of worship . They even killed Jewish mothers who circumcised their boys (1 Macc. It was 167 BC, Mattathias the Hasmonean was a Jew and he was furious. After the death of Alexander the Great, the Greek empire broke apart into four factions, because Alexander had four generals who seized power. Greek Calendar History & Facts | What is the Ancient Greek Calendar? In the end, the Maccabees recaptured Jerusalem and regained their freedom. In three years, the Maccabees cleared the way back to the Temple Mount, which they reclaimed. In 142 BC, Jonathan was succeeded by his brother Simon Thassi, who not only received the religious office of high priest, but also the secular office of prince. Overall, Antiochus IVs interest in Judea was marginal, and the king was busy forging together a balanced court, comprising his own partisans and those who supported the cause of the future Demetrius I. Hengel, Martin. Archaeology and Material Culture of Ammon and the Ammonite Archaeology and Material Culture of Aram and the Arameans. Jonathan, and later Simeon [Maccabee], were recognized by the Seleucids as high priests and even as governors. A mother of seven boys also refused to eat pig meat (2 Macc. Eleazara 90 year old faithful scriberefused to eat pig meat (2 Macc. Antiochus Epiphanes seized the throne in Israel after Seleucus died. Ioudasmos-hellnismos: Essai sur le judasme juden lpoque hellnistique. 6:16). Pronounced: KHAH-nuh-kah, also ha-new-KAH, an eight-day festival commemorating the Maccabees victory over the Greeks and subsequent rededication of the temple. In subsequent years (142-37 BC), the Hasmonean Dynasty (i.e. The question of the early Hellenization of various groups inhabiting Judea is also a major concern of these two scholars, Victor Tcherikover and Martin Hengel. By 140 BC, Judaeawas a semi-independent vassal of the Seleucid Empire that was ruled by the Hasmonean dynasty. The Tobiads put forward their candidate for high priest: Menelaus (a Greek!). 6:4). While Mattathias launched the Jewish revolt, it was his son, Maccabeus, who led it for most of the course of the conflict. I hadn't heard of The Book of The Maccabees until an Series on A&E that focused on Mysteries of The Bible. The first part of the book, titled Hellenistic Civilization in Palestine (pp. Et tu, Brute? There, to the outrage of strict Jews, Jewish lads exercised in the Greek fashionnude. 1:54), Antiochus offered the desolating sacrilege on the altar. Judas was the William Wallace of his day. The centuries leading up to the birth of Christ were filled with the drama of conquest and revolution. His Greek soldiers collected and burned the Scriptures (1 Macc. The new elite brought their own dominant culture. Tcherikovers original idea that a Jewish non-Hasmonean rebellion pushed Antiochus Epiphanes into retaliationthe launching of religious persecutions in Judeahas found adherents among later scholars, who often refashion his hypothesis. The whole nation of people! Explore Hanukkahs history, global traditions, food and more withMy Jewish Learnings All About Hanukkah email series. We know the details of the Jewish fight against the Greeks and Hellenism from the two Books of the Maccabees as well as the writings of the Jewish historian Josephus. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Mattathias and his supporters went about enforcing Jewish practices amongst the Jews, killing those who refused to obey them. Unlike the polytheistic people that made up the majority of the Mediterranean, the Jewish community strictly rejected the worship of other gods besides their own, Yahweh (Judaism was one of the earliest monotheistic faiths). 2:32-38). The history of the revolt was retained only in Greek texts later preserved by Christian authors.) [4] This is where we get the name Maccabean Revolt. Sometimes this family are referred to as the Maccabees, while other times they are called Hasmoneans (after Mattathias great-grandfather Hash-monai).
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how did the maccabean revolt end
