59. 22144. In this article, the author attempts to explore and review religious factors involved in the history of Malacca (Melaka) and in the missionary work of Robert Morrison in the early 19th century. Department of Social and Political Sciences, University Of Cyprus, Kalipoleos 75, Post Box 20537, Nicosia CY-1678, Cyprus, (This article belongs to the Special Issue, This article advocates a glocal turn in the religionglobalization problematic. Second, it shows the superiority of heterarchical over hierarchical organization: like successful transnational corporations, heterarchical religions move decision-making to the periphery, leaving the center with the task of normative integration. The journal is interdisciplinary in orientation and international in scope. George M. Thomas, The Cultural and Religious Character of World Society, in Lori Beaman and Peter Beyer (eds. ), Religion and Global Order (Paragon House, 1991), pp. It is not tied to any theoretical or research tradition and encourages articles of varying length, from research notes to article-length monographs. b. Key Concepts Globalization* Sociology - study of social relationships and institutions Religion - belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power Modernity* Secularization - disassociation or separation from religious or spiritual concerns Religious fundamentalism - strict adherence to the World Religions and Globalization. Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction: Globalization and Religious Studies Theories of Globalization, Theories of Religion: from Modernization to Globalization Contrasted Imag. 49. Theories of Globalization, Theories of Religion: from Modernization to Globalization. It was in that eraan era ignored by the conventional narrative of Western modernizationthat the defining features of Orthodoxy Christianity emerged and when both Catholicism and Orthodoxy emerged as distinct and conflicting traditions. Editors Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. "Rissh Kseikai within Globalization: A Multidimensional Approach." Provincializing Europe: Post-coloniality and the critique of history.. c. Religious Responses to the Global Economy. 3,000 new books annually, covering a wide range of subjects including biomedicine and the life sciences, clinical medicine, The nationalization of Orthodoxy, it is further argued, led to its redeployment as a facet of local national identities. Religions have crossed many boundaries, having been spread by immigrants, refugees, aggressors, or by the founders of this country. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel5041017, Roudometof V. Traditional Religion Religious leaders interested in maintaining a vibrant flock would do well to adapt their message to this snowballing trend of globalization, which they cannot fight. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian. Thomas G. Kirsch, Ways of Reading as Religious Power in Print Globalization, American Ethnologist, 2007, 34, 3, 50920. Abstract. Religion in Global Society. Some aspects of cultural globalisation, such as the growth of consumer culture seem to undermine religious values - with some churches . 44-59. International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society publishes original peer-reviewed papers on issues that arise at the intersections of nations, states, civil societies, and global institutions and processes. Ruud Koopmans and Paul Statham, How National Citizenship Shapes Transnationalism: A Comparative Analysis of Migrant and Minority Claims-Making in Germany, Great Britain and the Netherlands, in Christian Joppke and Ewa Morawska (eds. 14566. 51. By focusing on three primary field sites, namely South Africa, the United States, and East Asia (China and Japan), and applying the methodological framework of multi-sited ethnography, we aim to understand the transnational organizational structures, the creation of transnational social spaces, and the dynamics of central control and decentralization of the two religious organizations. Introduction In this discussion, I present four forms of religious glocalization that provide a portable heuristic scheme for examining the relationship between culture and religion and, specifically, the ways in which religious formations can be seen as glocal cultural hybrids. Part 2: Religion and Space in Global Context. Lionel Obadia. These scholars look for the ways in which globalization changes such things as peo ple's sense of "the religious," people's attitudes toward religion and religions, and the role that religion plays in globalized social life. Jeffrey Haynes, Transnational Religious Actors and International Politics, Third World Quarterly, 2001, 22, 2, 14358. Globalisation or glocalisation? [. It is important to note that the Eastern Roman Empire, at least until 1204, was not an ethnically defined state. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways: Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. Martin Baumann, Global Buddhism: Developmental Periods, Regional Histories, and a New Analytical Perspective, Journal of Global Buddhism, 2001, 2, 143. MDPI and/or : An Exploration of Religious Resistance to Current Notions of" Progress" in the Case of Kairos, The Blackwell Companion to the Study of Religion, The International Christian Embassy, Jerusalem (ICEJ), Renewalist Christian Zionism, and Jewish-Christian Ethnonationalism, Religious Fundamentalism and the Threat of Violent Extremism: A Sociological Dilemma of the Postmodern Globalized World, Polticas de minoritizao religiosa e glocalizao: notas para um estudo de redes religiosas de ativismo socio-poltico transnacional, "What is Happening to Religion? Religion starts with a culture of people and expands as the people migrate globally as a result ideas are passed on and traded. Religion and World Affairs Virtual Course Modules Project, Religion and Globalization: Catholicism and Islam Project, Berkley Center for Religion, Peace & World Affairs, 3307 M Street NW, Suite 200 10623. The old and new comparative theologies: Discourses on religion, the theology of religions, Orientalism and the boundaries of traditions., Dipesh Chakrabarty. Journal of Religion in Japan 3/2-3 (2014): 121-140. Eastern Orthodoxy in a global age: Preliminary considerations. In, Victor Roudometof. Religious responses to globalization seem to contribute little to the overall globalization critique put forth in venues such as the World Social Forum. Buddhism and the Market Economy in a Globalized World, Migrating Buddhas and Global Confucianism: The Transnational Space-Making of Taiwanese Religious Organizations, FLOATING TERRITORIES OF RELIGION(S): SHIFTING PARADIGMS, ERRATIC THEORIES, AND VOLATILE REALITIES? Judith Bokser-Liwerant, Globalization and Collective Identities, Social Compass, 2002, 49, 2, 25371. But is it really so? vernacularization, indigenization, nationalization, Remaking Modernity: Politics, History and Sociology, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion, Globalizing the Sacred: Religion across the Americas, Eastern Orthodoxy in a Global Age: Tradition Meets the 21st Century, Eastern Christianities and Politics in the Twenty-First Century, Globalization and Orthodox Christianity: The Transformations of a Religious Tradition, Many Globalizations: Cultural Diversity in the Contemporary World, God and Globalization: Religion and the Powers of the Common Life, Religions/Globalizations: Theories and Cases, Religion and Globalization: Critical Concepts in Social Studies, The New Blackwell Companion to the Sociology of Religion, The Crosses of Auschwitz: Nationalism and Religion in Post-Communist Poland, The Macedonian Question: Culture, Historiography, Politics, Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture, Globalization and Culture: Global Mlange, The Journal of International Communication, The Sage Handbook of the Sociology of Religion, The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity, Eastern Christianity and Western Social Theory, Citizens of the World: A History and Sociology of the Bahai from a Globalization Perspective, Nationalism, Globalization and Orthodoxy: The Social Origins of Ethnic Conflict in the Balkans, Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam, Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity, The Promise of Salvation: A Theory of Religion, The Orthodox Church: An Introduction to Its History, Doctrine and Spiritual Culture, Eastern Orthodox Christianity: A Western Perspective, The Cambridge History of Christianity, Vol 5: Eastern Christianity, Toward an American Orthodox Church: The Establishment of an Autocephalous Orthodox Church, The Spirit of Eastern Christendom (6001700), The Christian East and the Rise of the Papacy: The Church 10711453A.D, The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople, The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire, Eastern Orthodoxy in a Global Age: Eastern Orthodoxy in a Global Age: Tradition Faces the Twenty-First Century, The Cambridge History of Christianity, Vol. Calling upon the sacred: Migrants use of religion in the migration process., Ralph Della Cava. Studying religion in motion: A networks approach., Alexander Agadjanian, and Victor Roudometof. The article explores the theoretical implications of this for market-oriented sociologies of religion. ), Japanese Religions in and Beyond the Japanese Diaspora (Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 2007), pp. Humeira Iqtidar, Muslim Cosmopolitanism: Contemporary Practice and Social Theory, in Bryan S. Turner (ed. Dwight N. Hopkins, Lois Ann Lorentzen, Eduardo Mendieta, and David Batstone, eds. In order to construct such a link it was imperative for religious institutions to, Through its nationalization Orthodox Christianity has further molded itself into the fabric of the modern Eastern and Southeastern European nations, and nearly all of its adherents today would add an ethnic or a national modifier (Greek, Bulgarian, Russian, and so on) to their identification as Orthodox Christians. It offers a concrete application of Herringtons thesis about the ways in which religion has been, in many respects, a driving force and key player in globalization [, The proposed line of analysis offers two distinct advantages. 34. 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The retreat of the sociologists into the present., Peter McMylon, and Maria Vorozhishcheva. Until the 18th century, the majority of Orthodox Christians lived in the Ottoman and Russian Empires. 190219. In the context of globalization, indeed, space might become fluid and rhizoid, but it also can be mineralized by means of frontiers . 32. Margit Warburg, Bahai: A Religious Approach to Globalization, Social Compass, 1999, 46, 1, 4756. Empirically, this analysis yields a more detailed picture of the directions that religious rejections of globalization take. Economic globalisation has involved increasing rationalisation and differentiation, both of which seem to undermine the role of religion in societies. Springer is one of the leading international scientific publishing companies, publishing over 1,200 journals and more than 55. 1. ), Religions in the Modern World: Traditions and Transformations (Routledge, 2002), pp. These new formations are the product of the global spread of religions as well as the product of their multiple localizations caused by the dialectic of de-territorialization/re-territorialization. F O Dea F. O. Dea, Sociology of Religion (London: SeM, 1952), 7. The case of the glocalisation of Tibetan Buddhism in France and worldwide, Religion and Globalization (Introduction), Religious globalization in post-war Europe, Pizza, curry, skyr and whirlpool effects - religious circulations between East and West, Latin American Pentecostalism and ecumenical alterglobalism as cases of agonistic cosmopolitanism. By 2025, China is projected to have 274 million people over age 60more than the entire 1998 population of the United States. A controversial analysis of global trends that paid serious attention to changing religious patterns and their possible effects in the public sphere was Samuel P. Huntington's The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order.Huntington's fears derived from his belief that a militant form of Islam was gaining ground in the public sphere, coupled with a forecast that the relative . Forms of Religious Glocalization: Orthodox Christianity in the Longue Dure. This eBook is already in your shopping cart. Part 5: Counter-trends to the Westernization of Religion? Steven Vertovec, Tracing Transformations of Hinduism, The Hindu Diaspora: Comparative Patterns (Routledge, 2000), pp. Introduction: Globalization and Religious Studies. Olivier Roy, The Modernity of an Archaic Way of Thinking: Neofundamentalism, Globalized Islam: The Search for a New Umma (Hurst & Co., 2004), pp. ars focus on religion in the abstract (Beyer 1994; Robertson 1992). Most often, the sense of distinction thus constructed blends religious and ethnic difference. 12. No special Globalization vs. The Encyclopedia of Politics and Religion In particular, as they become transnational, religions adapt to new social contexts and interact with other cultures, transforming themselves and their cultural environment. ), Orisa Devotion as World Religion: The Globalization of Yoruba Religious Culture (University of Wisconsin Press, 2008), pp. The return of the repressed: Religion and the political unconscious of historical sociology. In, Kevin Christiano. Of all projects at this centre, this project is the only one dealing specifically with religion and processes of spatialization under the global condition. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. ), Routledge International Handbook of Globalization Studies (Routledge, 2009), pp. It is obvious that our world, at whichever scale it is observed, is made of extensive circuits and institutional networks: the rapid diffusion of images and ideas, the numerous human flows (migrants, tourists, workers, ) beyond the limits of borders, the displacement and reloca-tion of production sites as seen in global economies, the reshaping of geopolitics and international relations, the emergence of a class of cosmopolitan travelers, and the foundation of supranational institutions for health and trade, most visibly and significantly illustrate the global forces applied onto the contemporary world 2 . Most scholars in religious studies, cultural studies, and social sciences , consciously and regularly promote the idea that the new shape of societies, cultures and religions is that of a world " in motion ". In this, the fundamental research question pertains to the spread of religions and specific genres or forms or blueprints of religious expression across the globe. Lionel Obadia. As a result of these processes, Orthodox Christianity was simultaneously nationalized and trans-nationalized. Shmuel Noah Eisenstadt, The Resurgence of Religious Movements in Processes of Globalisation: Beyond End of History or Clash of Civilisations, International Journal on Multicultural Societies, 2000, 2, 1, 415. That is, in spite of the fact that religion and globalization have a uniquely co-constitutive relationship, the latter can impact religion in varying, sometimes paradoxical ways. Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for The Changing World Religion Map, ed. Several contemporary ecclesiastical disputes (in Estonia, Ukraine or Moldova) reflect this belated application of a modern synthesis between Orthodoxy and nationality. These materials are designed to engage students with the following issues: related guide| Religion and Globalization: Gender and Theory. Alexander Agadjanian and Kathy Rousselet, Globalization and Identity Discourse in Russian Orthodoxy, in Alexander Agadjanian and Victor Roudometof (eds. Cyber-religions result from the "digital revolution": they bear the mark of the technological, social, and cultural changes that accompany the media's modernization and globalization, especially th. 33. 23. 299315. 26. Afe Adogame, Globalization and African New Religious Movements, in Ogbu U. Kalu and Alaine M. Low (eds. Globalisation and new geographies of religion: new regimes in the movement, circulation, and territoriality of cults and beliefs. Malacca has long been a meeting place for various religions in their respective processes of globalization. 23346. 2957. ), Accounting for Fundamentalism (Chicago University Press, 1994), pp. Globalization and religion in historical perspective: A paradoxical relationship.. , Roland Robertson, and Kathleen E. White. Globalization: Social Theory and Global Culture. London: Sage, 1992. Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. This guide is part ofthe Berkley Center'sReligion and WorldAffairs Virtual CourseModules, a collection ofcurricular modules thatdraws on open-accessarticles and multimediasources to supportonline learning inhigher education. Peter Geschiere, Globalization and the Power of Indeterminate Meaning: Witchcraft and Spirit Cults in Africa and East Asia, Development and Change, 1998, 29, 81137. In Matthias Middell, ed., The Routledge Handbook of Transregional Studies, 475-81. most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal. Part 4: Transnational Diffusion and Local Expressions of Christianity. Emma Green. The next section treats religion and globalizing modernity by engaging a number of scholars who reject the relevance of purportedly exogenous theories of modernity for understanding the Latin American context. The attitude of the Moscow Patriarchate towards other Orthodox churches., Lukasz Fajfer, and Sebastian Rimestad. In such forms of religiosity, group membership is far more closed than in vernacularization; if vernacularization has been associated with empires, indigenization has been associated with ethnic and cultural reproduction and survival. This article advocates a " glocal turn " in the religionglobalization problematic. Volume III: Religious Responses to Globalization, Part 6: Theorizing Religious Responses to Globalization, a. Constructing Ideal-Typical Religious Responses to Globalization. ), Global Culture, Nationalism, Globalisation and Modernity (Sage, 1990), pp. Because space and identities are reformulated by religions as they break through geographic and cultural boundaries, religion is now widely recognized as the great globalizer. We use cookies to improve your website experience. Peter Berger, and Samuel P. Huntington, eds. Lionel Obadia, Lionel Obadia. It extends the logic of multiple glocalizations into the historical record and proposes four forms of religious glocalization. Bryan S. Turner, Globalization, Religion and Empire in Asia, in Lori Beaman and Peter Beyer (eds. Greek-Orthodoxy, territoriality and globality: Religious responses and institutional disputes., Loring Danforth. The Management of Religion at a Transnational Level: The Case of Europe. 67. Ultimately, cultural differences have changed religious beliefs and traditions within religious practices. 64. Each of these forms is presented both analytically as well as through examples from the history of Eastern Christianity (from the 8th to the 21st century). Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. 54. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2008), pp. This historical process was initiated in 19th century Southeastern Europe and was belatedly applied to the post-1989 post-Soviet constellation. For more information, please refer to This project is a part of the Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) 1199: Processes of Spatialization under the Global Condition, which deals with questions like what characterizes the spaces made by people, how they relate to one another, and whether resulting spatial orders are becoming increasingly complex within the context of globalization processes. https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess. 2014; 5(4):1017-1036. They were under the pastoral care of two institutions: the Russian Orthodox Church, which had its primate elevated in 1589 to the status of a patriarch, and the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. ), Between Babel and Pentecost: Transnational Pentecostalism in Africa and Latin America (Hurst & Co, 2001), pp. Cristina Rocha, The Brazilian Imaginaire of Zen: Global Influences, Rhizomatic Forms, in Ronan Alves Pereira and Hideaki Matsuoka (eds. This nationalization is accompanied by transnationalization; in fact, the two are intimately related. Furthermore, religions and their adherents are extremely responsive to globalization, whether they perceive it as threatening their particular identity or as an opportunity to provide a universal message to the world and become a global religion. Wouter J. Hanegraaff, Prospects for the Globalization of New Age: Spiritual Imperialism Versus Cultural Diversity, in Mikael Rothstein (ed. Globalization and New Geographies of Religion. Globalization and religion is a relationship that goes hand in hand, this kind of relationship has many positives and challenges. David Lehmann, Religion and Globalization, in Linda Woodhead et al. ), Interpreting Contemporary Christianity: Global Processes and Local Identities (Wm. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. Globalisation and new geographies of religion: new regimes in the movement, circulation, and territoriality of cults and beliefs. Paul Freston, Globalization, Religion, and Evangelical Christianity: A Sociological Meditation from the Third World, in Ogbu U. Kalu and Alaine M. Low (eds. Indigenization blends religious universalism with local particularism by adopting religious ritual, expression and hierarchies into the specifics of a particular ethnicity. Religion and the Theoretical Implications of Globalizing Modernity. Veit Bader, The Governance of Islam in Europe: The Perils of Modelling, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 2007, 33, 6, 87186. When it comes to Hindu traditions, on the other hand, the opposite seems to have been the case, especially since the 1960s, that is, the Western reception of Indic philosophies and religions can be best portrayed as a philia (a fondness) and not as a phobia (an aversion). Although pre-modern kingdoms and principalities made regular use of this process in order to bolster their rulers legitimacy, the ties constructed often endured far beyond the specific regimes or states. The firstvolume brings together the best scholarship on religion and space in its global context. The United States has promoted globalization and the American Creed of individualism. 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel5041017, Roudometof, Victor. The new world disorder., Maria Hmmerli. 15. Our books are available by subscription or purchase to libraries and institutions. Search for more papers by . Peter Beyer, The City and Beyond as Dialogue: Negotiating Religious Authenticity in Global Society, Social Compass, 1998, 45, 1, 6779. PA Certificate of Charitable Registration, Templeton Lecture on Religion and World Affairs. 23162. Ecclesiastical nationalism and the Macedonian question in the Australian Diaspora. In. PROVISIONAL CONTENTS. It takes to heart Eliass [, The conventional narrative of modernity and of modernization in the social sciences is a narrative that naturalizes the modernization of Western societies, with the result that Orthodox Christianity becomes a more marginal concern and only enters the story at a later stage ([, Unsurprisingly, the critique of Orientalism [, To understand the multiple entanglements between Eastern Orthodox Christianity and globalization requires taking into account the realization that globalization does not necessarily involve a mystical long-term trend toward universalization, but it also includes processes of fragmentation or hybridization or glocalization.
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