Ethanol, For a time in California, there were 5,000 Ford Taurus FFV that would operate on an 85% methanol fuel. Similarly, all direct energy components have declined by about 50 . The USDA tells us that ethanol cost 57 more per gallon on average over the last 25 years (and it still does). Most cars that were manufactured after 2001 and made to run on flex fuel can use E15. With reduced mileage, E85 only becomes economically attractive from a mileage standpoint when E85 is significantly cheaper per gallon. By way of comparison, methanol generates a mere 56,800 Btus per gallon, or almost exactly half the Btus of gasoline. The Clean Air Act of 1970 required vehicle emission reductions. GGE allows consumers to compare the energy content of competing fuels against a commonly known fuel, namely gasoline. With the new revisions, petroleum companies had to come up with a new way to make a cleaner-burning fuel. A BTU is the amount of energy required to raise one pound of water one degree F. It is about the heat of a birthday candle flame. Ethanol production emissions: There are significant air emissions to produce, transport, and use the ethanol. E10 blends include only 10 percent ethanol, so the correct implication is that adding ethanol to gasoline saves U.S. drivers 6.8 cents per gallon of finished gasoline. Transportation accounts for approximately 30% of total U.S. energy needs and 70% of petroleum consumption. Put another way, about 70 percent more energy is required to produce ethanol than the energy that is in ethanol. It is important to keep in mind the limitations of the analysis. It is important, however, to carefully parse what the results do and do not imply for the larger question of the impact on domestic gasoline prices from augmenting the gasoline supply with ethanol. County Specific SOC Sequestration for Corn I am a retired police officer and not made of money. 14). We offer tips on vehicle maintenance and fuel use and update you on fuel-related news. *These numbers were taken directly fromVP's Technical Bulletin on Fuels. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Ethanol conversion includes 1,588 Btu per gallon for ethanol distribution. The EPA has measured the gas mileage of 2006 flexible fuel models. I believe in this program and want to continue to support it. For the 31 models they tested the average reduction is 26% fewer miles per gallon. Huge Turbos, Big Horsepower, Massive Torque Everywhere! The initial source must go through the process of fermentation which is the chemical process of breaking down a substance into sugars. . Typical energy input for a state-of-the-art process like the one I have described is about 34,000 BTU per gallon of fuel ethanol. Agribusiness is a powerful lobby in Washington and with environmentalists siding with them on this issue; the use of ethanol will spread. Stamp this number on your forehead because this volume change is critically important when it comes time to modify the carburetor to flow more fuel. How many BTUs are in a gallon of natural gas? Please enable JavaScript on your browser to best view this site. Commercial Photography: How To Get The Right Shots And Be Successful, Nikon Coolpix P510 Review: Helps You Take Cool Snaps, 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Marshmallow, Technological Advancements: How Technology Has Changed Our Lives (In A Bad Way), 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Lollipop, Awe-Inspiring Android Apps Fabulous Five, IM Graphics Plugin Review: You Dont Need A Graphic Designer. Both types of fuel are more efficient and less expensive than electricity in many regions. Ethanol Yield (gallons/bushel) 2.882: 2.864: Enter Ethanol Plant Ethanol yield (gal/bu) (from local Ethanol plant) Ethanol Yield (gallons/acre) 478: 38,528: 511: 41,147: Compare Results. After all, an internal combustion engine isnt burning fuel like the burner on a stove that raises the temperature of water by one degree (which is what Btu measures). Daily wholesale and retail prices for various energy products are shown below, including spot prices and select futures prices at national or regional levels. Often times in the midwest you'll see 89 octane for cheaper than 87 because its something like 20% ethanol. A / B. Similar to our earlier analysis (farmdoc daily, March 15, 2017), the energy-adjusted price of CBOB (assuming ethanol has only two-thirds the energy value of CBOB) was consistently lower than the price of ethanol by an average of $0.56 per gallon. For cars, and all internal combustion engines, the lower heating value is the relevant value, yet DOE almost always publishes the higher heating value. May 31, 2023 Daily Prices. farmdoc daily (5):17, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, January 30, 2015. The alternative octane enhancers we consider are known as the aromatic compounds: benzene, toluene, and xylene. On average, the price of ethanol was $0.10 below the price of CBOB over the entire period. During the first year of the acts implementation, the level of production was only 9 billion gallons. Hes getting slightly worse mileage than predicted by ethanols low energy: 2/3 the energy of gasoline. MTBE also is an oxygenate for gasoline. The greenies are all over this not-so-new, environmentally friendly, renewable resource ethanol fuel that even has GM pushing it in its television ads. How about methanol? Specifically, we regress the average weekly aromatic price on the weekly WTI futures price over January 5, 2012 through February 2, 2017, which has an R-squared 0.90. Refiners have turned in part to ethanol, which is also an oxygenate but not a pollution worry. Per Million Btu Per Million Btu; For homes and businesses: Propane: 12.68 gallon: 5.75 gallon: 138.63: 62.88: Diesel and Home Heating Fuel (Distillate Fuel Oil) 22.45 gallon: 10.19 gallon: 163.45: 74.14: Kerosene: 21.78 gallon: 9.88 gallon: . What we found on the dyno was that we needed to increase E85 fuel flow through the carburetor by roughly 30 percent compared with gasoline. 582-Inch Big-Block Chevy Puts Down 1,460 HP at 7,400 RPM! farmdoc daily (8):228, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, December 13, 2018. RON is always much higher than MON, which is why the AKI uses an average of the two numbers to best represent the AKI for street-driven engines. UCC Truck Show 2023. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. How much more expensive is oil heat than gas? What is an FFV? "On the Value of Ethanol in the Gasoline Blend." My friends laugh at me and call me a fool. The E85 we tested, supplied by American Ethanol out of Chicago, is rated at 105. 3 Average ethanol input for actual plants in operation, most of which are older and not state of the art, is considerable higher at about 52,000 BTU/gal. Then there is the fuel required to deliver the ethanol to refineries. Diesel has a higher energy density than gasoline, with one gallon producing 155x 10 to the sixth power joules. Several previous farmdoc daily articles (January 30, 2015; February 3, 2016; February 17, 2016; March 15, 2017) examine the economic benefit of the octane-enhancing qualities of ethanol. The numbers tell the story. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Federal subsidies include tax breaks for corn-based biofuels to dispense higher blends of ethanol such as E10 and the Renewable Fuel Standard mandate (RFS) for the use of corn ethanol. To put it simply the benefit of ethanol is the oxygen, the octane. Ethanol is clean burning. The entire state of California has only one bulk outlet, in San Diego, where E85 can be purchased by the public. Irwin, S. "Small Refinery Exemptions and E85 Demand Destruction." Ethanol btu's per gallon 02-02-2006, 10:53 AM Does anyone have the gross BTU's per gallon of ethanol from corn? This will guarantee sufficient fuel-flow capability to feed any normally aspirated engine. Creating ethanol for inclusion into gasoline requires more energy to make the ethanol than the energy the ethanol will produce. The resulting mash, pulverized corn mixed with water and enzymes, is then cooked and cooled. The other big problem with E85 is availability. After we repaired the damage from our experiment with heat-ravaged spark plugs, the motor responded with a pleasant and repeatable 460 hp on a 50/50 mix of 117-octane race gas and 91-octane pump gas. After the crash in crude oil prices during the second half of 2014, the price difference narrowed substantially, and then increased again in 2018. We can roughly estimate that adding ethanol to gasoline saves U.S. drivers 6.8 cents per gallon of finished gasoline (10 percent of $0.68). There are only 15 states that do not offer E85, concentrated mainly in the upper northeast United States along with Alaska, Hawaii, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Alabama. Based on heat value, ethanol costs more. While E10 is widely available, E15 gasoline is only sold in a handful of states and then in just a few filling stations. Nitrogen use measured on a per bushel basis has declined by about 20 percent since the mid-90s. The R stands for research octane number (RON) while M represents motor octane number (MON). D = B / A. It still gets fewer mpg on ethanol, but it does a little better. Moroso supplied the oil pan and pump that we filled with lightweight Royal Purple 5W-20. (Calculator opens in a new tab. In addition, a full analysis of the relative costs of gasoline blends with and without ethanol would require a comprehensive analysis of refinery blending costs. His mission these days is to help racers learn how to take full advantage of ethanol blends. Download free PDFs (no catches). My vehicle is rated from 16-22 MPG. The following chart illustrates the massive increase in fuel-flow area required when running E85. Otherwise, this was a typical Quick Fuel Technology gasoline 850-cfm carburetor. But for those of you in the Midwest states, you have no excuse for not checking this stuff out. There are studies that show this effect. Compared with the LHV of ethanol, 76,000 Btu, this is a net energy loss of 55,017 Btu per gallon. What happens with E10 gasoline? Biodiesel is domestically produced, renewable, and reduces petroleum use 95% throughout its lifecycle. The kicker is that right now, E85 is priced only about 30 to 50 cents a gallon cheaper than gasoline. Irwin, S., and D. Good. Gasoline. We Have Answers! Combined with Crane's recommended valvesprings and set of titanium retainers, we also added a set of Crane Gold Race 1.6:1 rockers to ensure the valvetrain easily spins to 7,000. of LNG has the same energy as 1 DGE. How many BTUs are in a gallon of ethanol? Hydrogen is produced domestically and can be produced from renewable sources. (l). The results do not imply that adding ethanol to gasoline saves drivers 68 cents per gallon. "More on the Competitive Position of Ethanol as an Octane Enhancer." farmdoc daily (6):31, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, February 17, 2016. What I've been wondering, though, is just how helpful a Btu comparison is. High-pressure tanks require periodic inspection and certification. And, Ive often heard how you can get more torque and horsepower from ethanol. Ethanol is used as an option as both an oxygenate and as an octane booster for anti-knock properties. Gasoline sold at the pump is actually a blend of ethanol and a number of petroleum products, such as methane, butane, and naptha (see Leffler, 2008, Ch. Some Ethanol proponents claim it doesnt hurt their mileage, but this goes against physics, and you will not find the ethanol lobby making such fraudulent claimsthey could be sued. The estimated magnitude of the octane value of ethanol is large, and therefore, it should be obvious why omission of this component from evaluations of the impact of ethanol on the retail cost of gasoline could be so misleading. Can cause serious damage to organs in the body if a person swallows it, breathes it in, or gets it on their skin. The additional of ethanol to gasoline makes it an oxygenate which satisfies the requirements of the Federal legislation known as the Clean Air Act. Aromatics are typically produced via high-pressure catalytic reformers in the same refineries that produce other petroleum feedstock for gasoline blending. During research for this story, we priced E85 at a gas station in Ames, Iowa, at $2.60 a gallon, which is significantly below the price of 93-octane premium at $3.05 per gallon and far less expensive than $5 to $6 per gallon for 100-octane unleaded race gasoline. So what's all the fuss about and why should it interest you? On the surface, analysis of the relative value of ethanol in the U.S. domestic E10 gasoline blend appears to be straightforward. That is, a change in refining practices has occurred to produce a lower octane gasoline to blend with the higher octane ethanol. Most importantly, we find no evidence that the net value of ethanol in the E10 gasoline blend has declined since 2017, which supports the argument that waiving the conventional mandate below the blend wall will not change the amount of ethanol consumed in the form of E10 because ethanol remains a price competitive component. Over the entire period, the price premium of the aromatics relative to ethanol averaged $1.24 per gallon. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. (m), Ethanol is produced domestically. Crude oil refiners have developed sophisticated mathematical models to determine optimal blends of the various gasoline components given prices and technical specifications. Forget about greenhouse gases and that whole Al Gore political football. Adding up the energy costs of corn production and its conversion to ethanol, 131,000 BTU are needed to make 1 gallon of ethanol. Cost: Since the creation of the domestic market for corn ethanol after the energy crisis of the 1970s, the federal government has nurtured and maintained the ethanol industry with a steady stream of subsidies. The farmdoc daily website falls under University of Illinois copyright and intellectual property rights. Some common heating fuels and their energy content. Acronym Reference Sheet Calculator Sponsorship Opportunities, Annual Precipitation, Enhanced Efficiency N (EEFs), and 4R (Right Form, Right Place Right Time, Right Rate) N Fertilizer Management impacts on Nitrous Oxide. On the other hand, the price of aromatics, considered as alternative octane enhancers, was consistently above the price of ethanol by an average of $1.24 per gallon. All major vehicle manufacturers are exploring voiding warranties on cars using E15 despite engineered for no more than E10 fuel. You might be getting E85, you dont know. More experience over a longer period of time will dictate any extended-use limitations with E85, but the future for an alternative fuel that can make big power is certainly bright. Ethanol: 2.16 0.05: USD per Gallon 6/29/23 12:18 PM Heating Oil: 64.46 0.83: USD per 100 . I gave Dan Schwartzkopf a call to help me understand better. We next adjust the price of gasoline in Figure 1 order to express its price on an energy-equivalent basis relative to ethanol. If you love your vehicle, you'll love our blog. Metering-Block ManiaAt first, we thought all we had to do was plug bigger jets in a standard metering block to compensate for the less Btu output of our E85 fuel and we'd be in business. [5], 5.37 lb. Toluene. He corrected me on that misconception. Now I know why. In discussing this change with Quick Fuel, we were told the problem was likely a restriction after the main well, perhaps in the drilled passage leading to the annular boosters. Gasoline costs $3.9 per gallon. The cost of pure ethanol is determined to be $ ! We also did not take into account the lower energy value of aromatics relative to other petroleum blendstocks. Irwin, S., and D. Good. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Natural gas30.48 trillion cubic feet31.54 quadrillion Btu. Diesel fuel and heating oil Measuring energy in food food calories versus energy calories Scientific notation explained E+10 Note: Btu is British thermal units. Ethanol is similar in acceleration, power, and cruising ability, but . One gallon of ethanol has an energy value of only 77,000 BTU. When filling up your vehicle's tank at the gas station, you might be wondering what is the difference between regular gasoline and the fuel they call ethanol? Manufactured using oil. actual N/acre), Climate and N Management Factors Influencing N, Nitrogen in Phosphate Fertilizer (MAP & DAP), Phosphate Fertilizer Manufacture & Transportation Emissions, Potash Fertilizer Manufacture & Transportation Emissions, Lime for Soil pH Correction Manufacture & Transportation Emissions, Herbicide Manufacture & Transportation Emissions, Insecticide Manufacture & Transportation Emissions, Ethanol Plant Chemical Manufacture & Transportation Emissions, User option of GREET default or most recent CCLUB factor of 3.71. Now are you interested? For a detailed statement, please see the University of Illinois Copyright Information and Policies here. To learn more about this topic, visit www.ethanol.org/ethanol-essentials/low-carbon-benefits-of-ethanol and greet.es.anl.gov. Ultra-left Democrats are accidentally helping Trumpism. The process of producing ethanol, transporting it, and the power that is produced from an ethanol fuel need to be considered when determining the overall efficiency of ethanol as a fuel additive. . Ethanol is similar in acceleration, power, and cruising ability, but ethanol miles per gallon are less than pure gasoline. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Gasoline, The Major Differences Between Ethanol and Gasoline. The loss in mileage more than makes up for the cost savings, and on average the EPA predicts driving on E85 will cost 23% more than driving on regular. I go to the gas station in Annapolis, Maryland on West Street. Fuel Useage From: All California GREET and DoE GREET 2021 Midwest avg. Cars cannot use steam in their exhaust; it just goes out the tailpipe. Leffler, W.L. Theres an oxygen sensor that allows the fuel mapping to change and its kind of sloppy. But its not widely known because of powerful corn-ethanol lobby is in cahoots with the environmentalists (who are getting hoodwinked). They told us our test with the standard Quick Fuel metering blocks indicated it might be better to start with methanol-style metering blocks and then add the internal air bleeds that will help establish the proper fuel curve. Standard fuel is 90% gasoline, 10% ethanol. Post Application Coverage Endorsement Tool (Sheet), Balance Sheet & Historical Financial Statements, Briomass Crop Budget Tool Miscanthus & Switchgrass, Illinois Soil Productivity & Yield Utilities, Farmland LEasing Facts Sheets & Pricing Information, Revisiting the Value of Ethanol in E10 Gasoline Blends, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/10/opinion/end-the-ethanol-rip-off.html?_r=0, Small Refinery Exemptions and E85 Demand Destruction, More on Small Refinery Exemptions and Ethanol Demand Destruction, Small Refinery Exemptions and Ethanol Demand Destruction, On the Value of Ethanol in the Gasoline Blend, More on the Competitive Position of Ethanol as an Octane Enhancer, The Competitive Position of Ethanol as an Octane Enhancer, Further Evidence on the Competitiveness of Ethanol in Gasoline Blends, Implications of Recent Trends in U.S. The key to understanding this counter-intuitive result is that ethanol has been shown to be a price competitive component in E10 gasoline blends. At the time when an oxygenate became part of the fuel requirement, there were fewer choices of engine control systems, fuel injection systems, and performance enhancements available in engine technology. How many Btus are in a gallon of #2 fuel oil? In Wikipedia. 3 Which fuel has the highest BTU rating by volume? The amendments included the requirement to use oxygenated gasoline (reformulated gasoline). For example a car that gets 30 mpg on regular would typically get 22.2 mpg with E85. Copy this link to share your custom chart. And if you're already thinking this might make a great fuel for a supercharged or turbocharged engine-congratulations-you're thinking like a true car crafter. When hydrogen is used in fuel cell applications, maintenance should be very minimal. Methanol has approximately 9,500 BTU/lb. In Wikipedia. 1 gallon of propane has 73% of the energy in 1 GGE due to the lower energy density of propane. What would the cost of pure ethanol have to be in order for the energy costs of the two fuels to break even? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. BTU Content of Common Fuels. The oxygenate requirement has been obsolete for years. Generally, a gasoline engine will respond to a jet change of two jet sizes, but once the fuel flow was close, it seemed the E85 package was more forgiving and less touchy in terms of power gained or lost. Straight ethanol has an AKI rating of 113-115. By reading this chart, you can see that the air/fuel ratios for E85 are substantially richer than for gasoline from a percentage standpoint. 116,090 = BTU ofenergy in a gallon of gasolineC. We did not get into timing requirements with E85 because of time constraints. The Octane GameThe definition of octane is rather confusing. Net Energy Balance Results Data quality Feedstocks, grains, sugar, biomass materials New technologies: Crop production 1 gallon = 91,452 BTU. This means if you were to run E85 in an 11:1 or 12:1 compression engine, E85's higher octane would prevent detonation, which would allow you to run this higher compression ratio and take more advantage of the reduced Btu heat output by squeezing the existing air and fuel a little harder to make more power. As an example, just changing from a 72 to an 80 primary jet is a jet area increase of 39 percent. As a counterpoint, a series of farmdoc daily articles in recent months present evidence that the physical use of ethanol declined little if any due to SREs (September 13, 2018; December 13, 2018; January 16, 2019). Given the underlying volatility of the prices involved in the calculation it should come as no surprise that the pattern of net value showed a great deal of weekly variation. . When the Environmental Protection Agency approved E15, it restricted its use and excluded the following from running on it. The higher the BTU per unit of fuel, the more efficiently you can heat a given space. In addition, the cost of pure gasoline or ethanol-blended gasoline is about the same, making the only reason to use ethanol-blended gas an environmental one. But that works only on older cars, with carburetors, not in modern vehicles with oxygen sensors and fuel injectors. Gasoline gallon equivalent ( GGE) or gasoline-equivalent gallon ( GEG) is the amount of an alternative fuel it takes to equal the energy content of one liquid gallon of gasoline. As the amount of ethanol increases, the heat content of the fuel decreases and so does the power that is produced by it. Required fields are marked *, HTML tags allowed in your We present an updated and revised version of that analysis below. Engine AnatomySince everybody knows that small-block Chevys grow on trees in Southern California, we stopped outside Ed Taylor's Ventura shop one afternoon and picked a ripe 12.5:1 compression 355ci short-block for our test. Topics: That's 6lbs of air to one pound of fuel. Overall, the test was successful, and it's clear E85 has earned a high-octane place in the performance-fuel market. Even when coproducts were considered, Pimentel still estimated a net energy loss of around 33,517 Btu/gal. West Texas Intermediate, the American benchmark oil, was up only about 39 cents a gallon last month compared with April 2005, while the wholesale price of gasoline rose about 64 cents over the same period. 1 gallon of methanol contains 50% of the energy as 1 GGE. Often times the choice is based on price, availability, and the manufacturer's recommendations. There were also specific gas pumps for that fuel. We start with a comparison of the wholesale price of ethanol relative to the price of CBOB at the U.S. Gulf for the period January 5, 2012 through March 15, 2019. Data before 2012 are excluded from the analysis here in order to avoid complications arising due to the ethanol blenders tax credit (VEETC), which expired at the end of 2011. If gasoline costs $3.50 per gallon, (a) what would the cost of pure ethanol have to be in order for the energy costs of the two fuels to break even? There are a lot of steps from growing the corn to delivering it at the refinery. Required information Pure gasoline has an energy density of 115,600 BTU per gallon, while ethanol has an energy density of 75,670 BTU per gallon. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. This becomes their energy content in BTU per gallon. Mar 15/17, 2019 Judging Training Retreat, Jan 26, 2019 Jeff Blakeslee and Bill Cashs 1963 Tech Session, Oct 5/6, 2018: NCC Fall Meet, Granite Bay, CA, Feb 24, 2018 Jeff Blakeslee & Bill Cashs 1963 Chassis Tech Session, Dec 9, 2017 NCC Fall Meet at In A Nutshell, San Leandro, CA, Judging School Presentation, Member Blogs, Corvettes Recently Completed/Bought by Members, If youd like to read more, you can download the entire article by clicking. Electricity is produced domestically from a wide range of sources, including through coal-fired power plants and renewable sources, making it a versatile fuel. Midwest average GREET Source: RFA Industry Survey (US Dry Mills). Gasoline Consumption for Ethanol, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics. (a). (As it is, this engine made 1.3 hp/ci.) Fitted with a strong Scat steel forging crank and I-beam rods rotating assembly with a set of SRP forged pistons, we opted for more compression to really put E85's octane rating to the test. On Friday, the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ended the requirement that gasoline sold in areas prone to air pollution include an oxygenate. Refiners over most of the countrys big gasoline markets, anticipating the rule, have already dropped the chemical MTBE. For an E10 blend, with its 111,836 Btu per gallon, the difference in energy content is minorit probably has less impact on mileage than whether the tires are properly inflated. For an E10 blend, with its 111,836 Btu per gallon, the difference in energy content is minorit probably has less impact on mileage than whether the tires are properly inflated. From that standpoint, this little 355 was a success. (GGE =energy in a gal. While the engine ultimately made 466 hp, our goal had little to do with ultimate power. Glucoamylase is added to the mixture to aid the sugar breakdown. Approximately $1 billion a year in current federal and state subsidies for ethanol production are costs to consumers. 3. We only considered the energy and octane characteristics of ethanol relative to petroleum CBOB blendstock. I have seen that in other states the price of Ethanol is LOWER than regular gas. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". For more maintenance information, see the Biodiesel Handling and Use GuidelinesFifth Edition. As presented in Figure 4, the average price of the three aromatic octane enhancers has been above or well-above the price of ethanol since January 2012. What is Ethanol?Think moonshine and you're on the right track. But when you get into efficient performance engines and you use the ethanol its not as great as difference as everybody makes it out to be. Keeney and You dont have the aromatics like gasoline, which create toxic emissions. This fuel is rated at 100 Octane and SHOULD result in better fuel mileage. E15 is sold in Kansas, Iowa, and Nebraska. Ethanol is blended with blendstock for oxygenate blending (gasoline component). Environmentalists and car crafters make strange, if not odd-opposite, bedfellows. The energy adjustment not only flips the direction of the relationship between ethanol and CBOB prices, but it also makes ethanol much more expensive than CBOB.
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ethanol btu per gallon
