Thank you. And questioned the advisability of having him visit the Soviet Union. National Archives and Records Administration He realizes that he's been lied to by Khrushchev. Narrator: Managing this crisis fell to a rookie president: John F. Kennedy. He's now earned his spurs as a Cold Warrior. You are actually speaking to the bigots. David Nasaw, Historian: The house next-door, which was Bobby's house, was set up as campaign headquarters, and all the children's bedrooms were turned into research rooms. They were so afraid that he would forget his speech that his sister Eunice once sat in the front row, mouthing the words like a -- like an opera prompter. Timothy Naftali, Historian: This is a decision-making that depended on the guy in the middle asking the right questions and getting the right answers. And maybe the Cold War is not necessary. Kennedy was anxious to pivot back to hispreferredagenda: the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union. Edward R. Murrow, CBS News (archival): Good evening, Mrs. Kennedy. He doesn't know how to connect with an audience. And I thought to myself, she sounded a little wacky, a little bit, charming but wacky. We won. Narrator: The new First Couple glided through a half-dozen ceremonials, including a gala produced by the President's friend, Frank Sinatra showcasing the brilliant sparkle of American celebrity. Jackie Kennedy would say it was the most time the family ever shared. Communist influence has penetrated into Asia. JFK's short time in office was marked by several major events. Hubert Humphrey (archival): Say, that's just what I need for my campaign, can I have that? Many things started happening on Black Saturday, including a U-2 spy plane stumbling over the Soviet Union, which Kennedy reacted to that by saying, "There's always some son-of-a-bitch that doesn't get the word." You ask for water, but they give you gin. Jean Kennedy Smith, Sister: Jack was very depressed, very upset. The heart of the question is whether all Americans are to be afforded equal rights and equal opportunities. Sally Bedell-Smith, Writer: Kennedy had wrenched his back on a trip to Canada several weeks before they went to Paris and was in a lot of pain, more pain than usual. Evan Thomas, Writer: And the idea is that guerilla fighters are going to win the hearts and minds of the populace against the Communists, that they're going to fight fire with fire, they're going to fight dirty if they have to, but they're also going to build schools and hospitals. U.S. Air Force Photo John F. Kennedy (archival): .that we just look to our own private interests Let us cut the budget and let us save on foreign aid. Get the latest on new films and digital content, learn about events in your area, and get your weekly fix of American history. He was bringing people in a room to givehimthe best information so thathecould make the decision. So in New England the height of society is "The Lodges speak only to the Cabots and the Cabots speak only to God." In the South not speaking is considered trashy. That was the fine line that he was trying to tread during the missile crisis. David Brinkley, NBC News (archival): So it's 6am in New York and I don't know how long we'll be here. She raised more than a million dollars for the project, hired an expert on American antiquities and decorative arts, along with her favorite interior designer from Paris, and remade the stodgy old pile. And so he's badly frustrated. Sync Sound/Digital Cinema, Sound Editing Where the Cabots speak only to the Lodges, and the Lodges speak only to God" Getting lost, we ended up in the old part of Marblehead. So we called Jack out when he came back from Ireland, and we said, "What's the movie for the weekend?" Sally Bedell-Smith, Writer: Jackie was pregnant with their third child, that they were very excited about. Jack Kennedy listened to his father. It's the damndest city I've ever lived in. Sandy Vanocur, NBC News (archival): Have you found that there's anyway to break through to Mr. Khrushchev, to make him really aware that you are quite sincere and determined about what you say, sir? When the 44-year-old President was feeling down, or awake and pacing in the middle of the night, he would pick up the phone and call New York or Palm Beach or Hyannis Port, and hear the friendly voice of Joe Sr. Sally Bedell-Smith, Writer: He didn't intrude on specific policies, but the fact that he was there, that he could share his experience and his point of view, was very important to Jack. All he knew was that on a regular basis he would take sick, get a high fever, end up in the hospital, that he couldn't gain weight, that he couldn't run around and play sports the way he wanted to. Thank you very much. Narrator: Jack had a front row seat that summer, in the most consequential season of international gamesmanship in a generation. Robert Dallek, Historian: After the stock market crash occurred in 1929 John Kennedy didn't know that there was all this privation in the country. And he cast himself, as the underdog, in spite of a huge advantage in money and television exposure, and having celebrity backers like Frank Sinatra. Set up a camp on Cuban soil, and then establish a government there, and make the government there responsible for air attacks, so that it's viewed as the Cubans -- Okay, we're helping the Cubans. John F. Kennedy (archival): Good evening my fellow citizens. They were still stranded in open water at daybreak. Narrator: The October 1957 launch ofSputnik, a 184-pound, beach-ball sized satellite, spurred an instant jump in Cold War hysteria, and not without reason. One third of the world may be free, but one third is the victim of a cruel repression, and the other third is racked by poverty and hunger and disease. And Kennedy is much less interested in all of that than he is in trying to keep the world away from the brink of nuclear war. It looks like our brightest days have been in the past. Jack Kennedy thought otherwise. Elliott Choi And when he gets up on the beach he collapses. They all wanted to know what the boy author thought about the big question of the day: should the U.S. get into the war? I'm sure that I have made no converts to my church, but I do hope that at least my view, which I believe to be the view of my fellow Catholics who hold office, I hope that it may be of some value, in at least assisting you to make a careful judgment. Jackie Kennedy chafed at the requirement of public display, but when the photographers showed up on the Kennedy doorstep, she did not disappoint. And I can see his suntan all the way from here. He taught himself how to look at the people he was talking to, how to speak slowly. Timothy Naftali, Historian: A man who focuses on the word "vigor" in his public and private conversations must have in mind a sense of vitality, human vitality, as an ideal. But other events crowded him. 1585 Massachusetts Ave. And Jack came out beaming, beaming. Directions. He's learning that the power isn't back in Washington anymore; the power is with these younger people in the states, if he can just line them up for him. Narrator: Kennedy opened a comfortable lead in the polls in mid-October, but he was careful not to get swept up in the energy and excitement of his rallies. It's good enough.". Narrator: John Kennedy had come to fatherhood relatively late, but he clearly enjoyed the role, as he enjoyed being an uncle, and, with Joe Sr. debilitated, the Kennedy family patriarch. We need men who can dream of things that never were, and ask why not? They have a right to expect the law will be fair, that the Constitution will be colorblind as Justice Harlan said at the turn of the century. Lynn, Lynn the city of sin. He reads the headlines. It's quite triumphant. John F. Kennedy (archival audio): The what? And these old pols would see him climbing these steps over and over, and never complaining. Glenn Fukushima (Part one) He didn't live in Boston and his opponents in the primary attack him for being a rich boy. Here's my phone number. John F. Kennedy (arhival): Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century Richard Reeves, Writer: Kennedy understood something that is not so obvious, and that is that words are more important than deeds. But worse, traditional Democratic votes in Protestant areas, were not coming in Democratic. Thank you. He's striving. At this moment he is not immaculate. Global ImageWorks, LLC The Cuban authorities had heard about the invasion, and they were able to surround this exile force very quickly, isolate them, and begin to massacre them, kill them, capture them. He left an indelible mark on. It was called "flexible response." But he asked Jack to do it. And they're all over the place, and they change their own views frequently. Cambridge, MA 02138, 2022 The President and Fellows of Harvard College, International Legal Studies & Opportunities, Syllabi, Exam and Course Evaluation Archive, Sign Up for the Harvard Law Today Newsletter, Consumer Information (ABA Required Disclosures). John F. Kennedy (archival): All free men, wherever they may live, are citizens of Berlin, and, therefore, as a free man, I take pride in the words, "Ich bin ein Berliner. Narrator: The biggest day of John Kennedy's life to date, Inauguration Day, 1961, dawned gray and frigid. The Ambassador never stopped talking politics and policy, even when the workday was over, at the family's temporary residence, 14 Princes Gate, Westminster, London. Some strange, some coincidental, but all true facts about John F.Kennedy. And they were segregationists. This entry was posted on 08/29/2005, 2:21 pm and is filed under Musings about Life. He kept his own schedule -- usually late. How many weapons do you need and how many megatons do you need to destroy? Birmingham News/Landov This isn't your time. LIFE, a registered trademark of Time Inc. There'a video on YouTube that I particularly love featuring two very aged Boston Brahmins sitting in the Boston Athenum, discussing whatever it is that Brahmins discuss, I don't know maybe the Harvard-Yale game of 1896 or something like that. John F. Kennedy (Meet the Press, archival): Well we've tied ourselves completely with the French and after all the natives are anxious. or implied. Narrator: The President understood political gold dust when he saw it, and Caroline and John were impossible to miss. Robert McNamara, Secretary of Defense (archival audio): The U-2 was shot down. Narrator: The Freedom Riders refused to suspend their campaign, though they held out little hope of federal protection. Jean Kennedy Smith, Sister: Women were not so involved as they are today, of course. Jack Kennedy was 35 years old, the most sought-after bachelor in the capital. Narrator: Jack was happy to join his wife, his daughter Caroline, and his son John Jr. in Hyannis Port when he could. Evan Thomas, Writer: The initial advice is, "Attack! You never come out, the way you came in. He was a stickler for times. His sister, after the victory in Wisconsin, says to him, "Well, what does it mean?" Of the 1,400 Cuban exiles who made the attack, 1,200 were killed or captured; many of the survivors were headed for firing squads. And at one point, all of Kennedy's advisors are against accepting that deal. WGBH Educational Foundation Narrator: An uphill race against Henry Cabot Lodge was just the sort of challenge the Kennedys liked. David Nasaw, Historian: He taught himself -- with the help of lots of money from his father, and voice coaches, and political coaches -- he taught himself how to be a candidate. I wasn't sure about a Catholic in the White House, but he's won me over.". McMahon is wearing a life jacket. Helen Ryan Dobrowski, Assistant Camera And so Kennedy wants to underscore that. And he keeps putting it off, hoping that something will happen in the negotiations with the Soviets. House of the Redeemer, New York, NY Narrator: Kennedy believed he had to show strength. Down the sidewalks, from the curb to the buildings, are crammed solid with people. White supremacists in Alabama had firebombed one passenger bus the protesters were on, and beaten them bloody. I had a terrible confrontation with Khrushchev in Vienna. David Nasaw, Historian: They sigh when they see this kid. Founded in 1922, the Press is the creation of that same distinguished group of educators and civic leaders who were instrumental in transforming the University of North Carolina from a struggling college with a few associated professional schools into a major university. Robert Dallek, Historian: Joe Kennedy, Sr., drives this point home to his sons. Combine carrots, potatoes, onion, cabbage, and garlic in a stockpot over medium-high heat. Though pro-gress has been made in crossing this divide within individual institutions, it is the case that ecological theology, history of religions, comparative He says, "Well, let's take a break, gentlemen. And Addison's disease leads to infections often during surgery. If John F. Kennedy doubted himself, or quailed at the enormity of the situation, he didn't show it. Earl Warren, Chief Justice: So help you, God. Narrator: When he did wake up the next morning, Jack Kennedy was President-elect. All rights reserved. He'd be fine. He had stood up to them. John Collins Bossidy. He says, "Let's sink the Maine or something" -- as an excuse to invade. Some of my family lived here. The journal is operated through its parent organization, the Association for Public Religion and Intellectual Life (APRIL), an interreligious network of academics, activists, artists, and community leaders seeking to engage the many ways religion meets the public. You can do it. It was a kind of bittersweet letter, because she said that she felt that Jack could have had a full and vital life without being married to her, but, to her, being married to him and loving him was everything. And the picking and choosing wasn't Johnson's idea of how the Senate ran, nor was it the idea of the other southern moguls who were in charge. And I remember Allen Dulles, Director of the CIA, said that once the invasion began, there would be a national uprising. Michael Dobbs, Writer: Black Saturday was probably the day the world came closer than ever before or since to a nuclear war. He made it out alive a few months later -- sent Stateside for medical reasons-- and when he arrived at his parents' winter home in Palm Beach his weight was down to around 120. His advisors insisted there was little left to do, and so Kennedy settled in at the family compound in Hyannis Port to watch the results come in. While Jack remained stoic, as always, the depth of his father's despair was unsettling. Timothy Naftali, Historian: He decided to set in motion really a revival of his administration, and it leads him to decide to do the sort of unprecedented, to have a second State of the Union speech. Transfer to a blender in small batches and blend until smooth. Richard Reeves, Writer: Jack Kennedy said, "I'll try." Narrator: His chief interest, and his focus, remained foreign affairs. Robert Dallek, Historian: He sees his first year as a pretty miserable experience, and there's no significant gain he can point to either on the domestic or the foreign scene. Stories about the 35th president from those who knew him well. UCLA Film & Television Archive The Berlin Wall went up.". David Nasaw, Historian: Joseph P. Kennedy was convinced that if the United States was drawn into a war in Europe that it would ruin the economy. Kennedy made everybody read this. You can't do that!". David Nasaw, Historian: Jack goes ahead with the operation. Jack Kennedy understood the obstacles to winning the presidency in 1960 and they were not small. He said that, "I'm willing to withdraw my missiles from Cuba if you withdraw your missiles from Turkey." We will continue to keep the American people informed on this vital matter. Yes, he did. There's never been a treaty like it before. John F. Kennedy (archival audio): How do you know this is a medium-range ballistic missile? Time Inc. Evan Thomas, Writer: Jack Kennedy was the most glamorous, attractive President of the United States we've ever had, and that we'll ever have. Matt Hamilton George Wallace was making a show of blocking black students from attending the state university there. ", And it wasn't just his womanizing that stunned Jackie. And Bobby was there. I love the video because they . He appeared to be friendly and disposed toward people of color. John F. Kennedy (archival audio): How far advanced is this? And on long days of campaigning, that's not enough to try and hold himself up. Girl on street (archival): I really couldn't say, really. He wins that office when he's 29 years old, and he's really a celebrity. CIA Analyst (archival audio): The length. Kennedy would continue to call him on the phone, and would sort of fill him in on events and people and things that were happening, but all that he heard at the other end of he line were sort of guttural grunts in reply. One need only recite the old adage: "The Cabots speak only to Lodges, . And she says, "Well, you know, to do this you need periods of rest." Rich Remsberg He's skeletal. The purpose of the Press, as stated in its charter, is "to promote generally, by publishing deserving works, the advancement of the arts and sciences and the development of literature." Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister (archival audio): You can imagine, what a bitter blow it is to me, that all my long struggle to win peace has failed. Michael Dobbs, Writer: Khrushchev ordered, early on, his missile-carrying ships to turn back from Cuba, because he wanted to avoid an immediate confrontation with the President. He also had a direct and pointed message for Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev. In my early life, comma, the conversation was nearly always about politics. Robert Dallek, Historian: They get to the Democratic convention in Los Angeles, and Johnson unleashes his aide, a man named John Connally, and Connally issued a story about Kennedy's Addison's disease, raising the question of whether Kennedy is physically capable of serving as president. Khrushchev had already decided to turn his ships around, and turned them around the previous day. John F. Kennedy (archival): I am concerned today that we are failing to meet the challenge of imperialism on both counts, both East and West, and thus failing in our responsibilities to the free world and to ourselves. John F. Kennedy (archival): This is a great state with a great past and I believe an even greater future. Man on the street (archival): I'd hate like heck to see us go to war, but if it's necessary to prevent a nuclear war, I think the action has to be taken. And Jack does that twice in 1951. He wasn't bringing people together in a room to hammer out a consensus. Robert Caro, Writer: She comes down and there's this huge map of the United States, where his father and he are plotting out, you know, his next trips. Thomas DeLong, author of John Davis Lodge: A Life in Three Acts, writes that Lodge caught the attention of the screen siren Mae West when, as a young attorney, he vacationed in Los Angeles and took a screen test. She was shy to begin with, and unsure how to find common ground with most of her fellow Americans. Harris Wofford, Campaign Aide: Coretta King was six months pregnant, and I had never seen her panic, but she was panicked by this, and called me and said, "I think they're going to kill him," and, you know, "Can't you do anything?". Narrator: He would suffer a series of setbacks in Florida. Jacqueline Kennedy (archival): Good evening. Three days after the event, in which Diem and his brother were assassinated, Kennedy was still trying to make sense of it. Robert Dallek, Historian: This was rough service and it was terrible on his back. Reporter (Meet the Press, archival): What do we do in Indo-China then? The millions of dollars he had put aside for his boys would be lost, the America he knew and loved would be lost, and it wasn't worth it. David Nasaw:Historain: The thought never comes to Joe Sr. or anybody else in the family that now that Joe Jr. has been killed, Jack's got to step in and become the leader of the family and run for political office and become the standard bearer for the Kennedy family, because no one thinks Jack is well enough in 1944. And Jack is totally, absolutely composed. John F. Kennedy (archival): Let me just say I appreciate what Senator Johnson had to say. The New Frontier. "You're not going to win this fight," one ward boss told Kennedy to his face. Yes, he wanted to please Dad, but he might think about it for a second. Timothy Naftali, Historian: Did he do a victory dance in public after Khrushchev withdrew the missiles? RockBeat Records Priest on street (archival): There was. It's his brother. I mean, it just went on and on. "There is something about the first-born that sets him a little apart," Joe Sr. wrote, "You know what great things I saw in the future for him, and now it's all over.". He's shy. Watch his life as never before in a stunningportrait from American Experience. U.S. Information Agency / Kennedy Center Timothy Naftali, Historian: That was the battle in 1961 he didn't want to fight. Edwin Newman, NBC News (archival audio): This is Edwin Newman in the NBC newsroom in New York, this information from Dallas. U.S. Department Of Defense / Norton Air Force Base Jack Kennedy always had a suntan. Robert Caro, Historian: They're drifting, holding onto the hull and drifting in the water, when he sees a group of islands about three miles off. He decided to make a stand in a country in Southeast Asia few Americans had ever heard of: Vietnam. And he lived like one. Thomas Hughes, Assistant to Robert Kennedy: He gave Khrushchev space. But American reconnaissance flights had returned from Cuban airspace with photographic evidence: the Soviet missiles were already in country, waiting to be mated to nuclear warheads. The quotation is from a toast given in 1910 at a Holy Cross alumni dinner: "Here's to dear old Boston, The home of the bean and the cod, Where Lowells speak only to Cabots, And Cabots. Well, they said, "Well, he's out and he's getting a suntan." Narrator: Kennedy arrived in the Solomon Islands in the spring of 1943, and took command of a 56-ton attack boat, PT-109. And so, can he defeat this Republican? He's showing the country what he is: this charming, incredible, adept campaigner. He went out to dinner. He would not allow himself to lose for lack of effort. It was not self-evident that that would happen. Atomic Footage - Atomcentral Evan Thomas, Writer: Kennedy does have some qualms about the invasion plan. David Nasaw, Historian: When Jack told his friends and his colleagues, "I'm going to run for the Senate against Henry Cabot Lodge," they were unanimous in saying: Don't do it. The Presidency is the most powerful office in the free world. And he signs his telegram, "With respect, Khrushchev.". There was a kind of burning anger in him that he didn't express very openly. He sent his attorney general brother out to make statements chastising both the Freedom Riders and their attackers. They were, however, quick to take advantage when Mrs. King went public about her sympathetic call from Kennedy. President.". It stands in the Middle East and now festers some 90 miles off the coast of Florida. Michael Dobbs, Writer: When he became angry, he tended to become very calm. And sure enough, we already have radical voices among Democrats who have suggested He probably wasn't as great as he appeared to be. This was England's war, he said, and one they were likely to lose. But she performed impeccably. (Circa 1910, College of The Holy Cross Alumni Dinner) <>> Fox Tours Proudly Presents!!! Julia Child is a I knew one woman whose accent was a very mild version of Julia Child's, but I don't know where that woman grew up. And I thought that's a perfect ending to a day. Sally Bedell-Smith, Writer: He had to become very stoic, and at the same time he had to project an image of vitality. Let's talk about a trade.". No. And it comes out in this meeting that Kennedy never really talked to the generals about what theyreallythought. And so, can he defeat this Republican? Khrushchev was even making a play in America's backyard. Disclaimer: Links in this directory are provided solely as a reference with no warranty expressed. The press was totally compliant with this and Kennedy felt he could depend upon them all. All of a sudden Lyndon Johnson wakes up. He said, "Adlai Stevenson is going nowhere." He distributed 100,000 copies of theNew Yorkerarticle about Jack's war heroics. I said in my speech what we now have on hand without any further testing will kill 300 million people in one hour, and I suppose they can even improve on that if it's necessary. Don't do this!". The Soviets possessed, in addition to these longer-range missiles that could hit the United States, they also possessed shorter-range tactical nuclear weapons that could have been used to wipe out the U.S. naval base at Guantnamo or a U.S. invading force. Let's just be blunt about it. His likes had rarely been seen on Capitol Hill; he looked a kid -- skeleton thin, with wrinkled khakis, sneakers, seer-sucker jackets, shirttails hanging out. He said, "My! David Nasaw, Historian: Jack was always smaller, punier. Narrator: The Kennedy campaign was not shy to exploit the special appeal of the young Congressman -- the youngbachelorCongressman. If we align ourselves with Paris until the bitter end, the new generation of leaders in Algeria will remember that and won't talk to us. He said, "Well you come over and see, I thought you'd all want to see what my -- the trip to Ireland." Sally Bedell-Smith, Writer: Jackie once said that she would like to envision herself as a sort of art director of the 20th century, suspended in a chair over everything else, and orchestrating how everything would look.
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