"Hjaltland" redirects here. Watson (1926) is sure that Tacitus was referring to Shetland, although David Breeze (2002) is more sceptical. .mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}^ Lunna Holm to The Keen. That page reiterated the government recommendation "that people avoid any unnecessary travel between Scotland and England, Wales, or Northern Ireland". Shetland Islands Council - 28 June 2023 Shetland Islands Council Committee Information - Meetings Item Subject Decision 1 Fair Isle Ferry Replacement Project - Project Governance, Procurement and Contractual Arrangements (Appendix 1), and the tight timescales associated with delivery (Appendix 2). [63][64], From the mid-13th century onwards Scottish monarchs increasingly sought to take control of the islands surrounding their seas. Stone circles and brochs (circular stone towers) furnish evidence of prehistoric settlement, probably by Picts. [69] On the death of Haakon VI in 1380,[70] Norway formed a political union with Denmark, after which the interest of the royal house in the islands declined. In addition to the Shetland Mainland the larger islands are Unst, Yell and Fetlar. Modern Shetlanders still retain the Norse DNA with many family trees showing the Norse patronymic system(-sson/son, -dottir/daughter). Discover prehistoric sites and Viking heritage through fascinating Norse settlements, and enjoy abundant wildlife from seals and orcas to puffins, along with the archipelago's . The Shetland Islands [1] are an archipelago in Scotland, United Kingdom. The colours are identical to those of the flag of Scotland, but are shaped in the Nordic cross. [140][141], The archipelago is exposed to wind and tide, and there are numerous sites of wrecked ships. However, the industry faces challenges due to plagiarism of the word "Shetland" by manufacturers operating elsewhere, and a certification trademark, "The Shetland Lady", has been registered.[115]. [134][135] There are plans for road tunnels to some of the islands, especially Bressay and Whalsay; however, it is hard to convince the mainland government to finance them. Shetland, also called the Shetland Islands and formerly Zetland, is an archipelago in Scotland lying between Orkney, the Faroe Islands, and Norway. [211] He wrote extensively about the gulls and terns, about the arctic skuas, the black guillemots and many other birds (and the seals) of the islands. [Note 6] Rognvald Eysteinsson received Orkney and Shetland as an earldom from Harald as reparation for the death of his son in battle in Scotland, and then passed the earldom on to his brother Sigurd the Mighty. Undaunted, he made the film over four months during the summer of 1936 in Foula and the film transposes these events to Shetland. The archipelago has an oceanic climate, complex geology, rugged coastline, and many low, rolling hills. Scholars have inferred that both of these references are to islands in the Shetland group. This strategy eventually led to an invasion of Scotland by Haakon IV Haakonsson, King of Norway. The Shetland islands have some of the most incredible landscapes in the UK and a Viking heritage second to none. [160] Shetland is within the Highlands and Islands electoral region. The islands lie around 50 miles to the northeast of Orkney and 110 miles from mainland Scotland, making them . The parish is part of the Diocese of Aberdeen. The Scottish Episcopal Church (part of the Anglican Communion) has regular worship at: St Magnus' Church, Lerwick; St Colman's Church, Burravoe; and the Chapel of Christ the Encompasser, Fetlar, the last of which is maintained by the Society of Our Lady of the Isles, the most northerly and remote Anglican religious order of nuns. [151] Nevertheless, a variety of religious denominations are represented in the islands. [4][10] The excavations at Jarlshof near the southern end of the Mainland have provided archaeological evidence of life in Shetland since Bronze Age times and the annual Up Helly Aa fire festivals are a living reminder of Shetland's Viking past. Virtually treeless, it is a land of indigo lochs, rugged peat-covered hills and rich antiquity. The Shetland Crofthouse Museum in Dunrossness offers . The most distinctive feature is the ophiolite in Unst and Fetlar which is a remnant of the Iapetus Ocean floor made up of ultrabasic peridotite and gabbro. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [7] In the post-glacial epoch, c.6200 BC, the islands experienced a tsunami up to 20metres high caused by the Storegga Slides, an immense underwater landslip off the coast of Norway. [110] The government also planned an investment of 100 million in the hydrogen sector "for the 180 million Emerging Energy Technologies Fund". The islands are represented by the Shetland football team, which regularly competes in the Island Games. Good to Know: The top museums include the Shetland Museum & Archives, which explores the fascinating story of Shetland's heritage and culture in one place, with access to a wealth of artifacts. [28], The highest point of Shetland is Ronas Hill at 450m (1,480ft). The South Shetland Islands are a group of Antarctic islands with a total area of 3,687 km 2 (1,424 sq mi). [37] The frost-free period may be as little as three months. [58], Vikings then used the islands as a base for pirate expeditions to Norway and the coasts of mainland Scotland. [136], Sumburgh Airport, the main airport in Shetland, is located close to Sumburgh Head, 40km (25mi) south of Lerwick. look at various parts of the mill, as well as a few exhibits about life in Shetland and a display about the flora. [120] In 2009, the most popular visitor attractions were the Shetland Museum, the RSPB reserve at Sumburgh Head, Bonhoga Gallery at Weisdale Mill and Jarlshof. [131] The Island Equivalent scheme was introduced in early 2021 by the Scottish government to financially assist hospitality and retail businesses "affected by Level 3 coronavirus restrictions". The Shetland Islands Lying roughly 100 miles off the north east coast of Scotland, the Shetland Islands are the northern-most tip of Scotland. A number of other films have been made on or about Shetland including A Crofter's Life in Shetland (1932),[193] A Shetland Lyric (1934),[194] Devil's Gate (2003) and It's Nice Up North (2006), a comedy documentary by Graham Fellows. Map Directions Satellite Photo Map shetland.gov.uk Wikivoyage Wikipedia There are some great attractions in Lerwick. It made over 200 trips across the sea, and Leif Larsen, the most highly decorated allied naval officer of the war, made 52 of them. [6] In 1707, when Scotland and England united to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, trade between Shetland and continental Northern Europe decreased. [189], There is one monthly magazine in production: Shetland. The programme is filmed partly in Shetland and partly on the Scottish mainland. In contrast, winters are considerably milder than those expected in nearby continental areas, even comparable to winter temperatures of many parts of England and Wales much further south. The largest town, Lerwick, is closer to Norway than to Edinburgh, and culturally and geographically they feel more Norse than Scottish. Composed of over one hundred islands, of which fifteen are inhabited, Shetland is located around 160 km (100 miles) north of the Scottish mainland. Jehovahs Witnesses has a congregation and Kingdom Hall in Lerwick. [213][214] Others are the Shetland Sheepdog or "Sheltie", the endangered Shetland cattle[215] and Shetland goose[216][217] and the Shetland sheep which is believed to have originated prior to 1000 AD. [5] During the 10th to 15th centuries, the islands formed part of the Kingdom of Norway until they were annexed into the Kingdom of Scotland due to a royal dispute involving the payment of a dowry. The Shetland pony and Shetland Sheepdog are two well-known Shetland animal breeds. It covers an area of 1,468km2 (567sqmi) and has a coastline 2,702km (1,679mi) long. [16][17], The total population of the archipelago was 21,988 in 2001[18] and had grown to 23,167 by the time of the 2011 census. The main form of agriculture is crofting, each croft having a few acres of arable land and the right to graze sheep on the scattald, or common grazings. The islands lie about 80km (50mi) to the northeast of Orkney, 170km (110mi) from mainland Scotland and 220km (140mi) west of Norway. The Shetland Islands is one of the two archipelagos of the Northern Isles, located in the North Atlantic Ocean. King Olaf I Tryggvasson summoned the jarl Sigurd the Stout during a visit to Orkney and said, "I order you and all your subjects to be baptised. [Note 7] In 1470, William Sinclair, 1st Earl of Caithness, ceded his title to James III, and the following year the Northern Isles were directly absorbed by the Crown of Scotland,[73] an action confirmed by the Parliament of Scotland in 1472. 01595/693-434; www.visitshetland.com). [164][165], Roy Grnneberg, who founded the local chapter of the Scottish National Party in 1966, designed the flag of Shetland in cooperation with Bill Adams to mark the 500th anniversary of the transfer of the islands from Norway to Scotland. i. [209] They are variants of Apodemus sylvaticus and archaeological evidence suggests that this species was present during the Middle Iron Age (around 200 BC to 400 CE). One mile off the coast of Unst is the most northerly point in the United Kingdom, Muckle Fluggaa lighthouse and group of rocks. Level Contributor 4,865 posts 1. [122], According to the Promote Shetland organisation's website, tourism increased "by 12.6 million between 2017 and 2019 with more than half of visitors giving their trip a perfect rating". [178] Notable exponents of Shetland folk music include Aly Bain, Jenna Reid, Fiddlers' Bid, and the late Tom Anderson and Peerie Willie Johnson. Although Norn was spoken for hundreds of years, it is now extinct and few written sources remain, although influences remain in the Insular Scots dialects. [90] Unst also has a rocket launch site called SaxaVord Spaceport (previously known as Shetland Space Centre). St Ninian's Isle is connected to Mainland Shetland by the largest active tombolo in the United Kingdom. [168] This combination is reflected in many aspects of local life. [Note 5] "Shetland knives" are stone tools that date from this period made from felsite from Northmavine. [205] Numerous rarities have also been recorded including black-browed albatross and snow goose. Shetland Islands Discovered. [53] In 2011, the collective site, "The Crucible of Iron Age Shetland", including Broch of Mousa, Old Scatness and Jarlshof, joined the UKs "Tentative List" of World Heritage Sites. Unsurprisingly, Sigurd agreed and the islands became Christian at a stroke. [35] The highest temperature on record was 27.8C (82.0F) on 6 August 1910 at Sumburgh Head[36] and the lowest 8.9C (16.0F) in the Januaries of 1952 and 1959. [9][10], In 43 CE, the Roman author Pomponius Mela made reference in his writing to seven islands he called the Haemodae. Operated by Directflight in partnership with Shetland Islands Council, it is devoted to inter-island flights from the Shetland Mainland to Fair Isle and Foula. Mayotte (Mayotte is the only island in the Comorian archipelago that is administeredas a dpartement by France.) They have been continuously inhabited since Neolithic times and experienced Norse rule for several centuries, the first written records being the Norse sagas. [91] A February 2021 news item indicated that a rocket manufacturer from Germany, HyImpulse Technologies, planned to launch spacecraft powered by hydrogen from the Spaceport, starting in 2023. [107][108], A status report on hydrogen production in Shetland, published in September 2020, stated that Shetland Islands Council (SIC) had "joined a number of organisations and projects to drive forward plans to establish hydrogen as a future energy source for the isles and beyond". The Islands have a thriving and diverse economy full of opportunities and offer residents the ideal work/life balance. It was first recorded in 1837 by botanist Thomas Edmondston. Shetland is an Old Norse word which translates to hilt and land. Many of the crofts cannot adequately support a family, so islanders seek work in the North Sea oil industry, abroad, or in the Royal Navy. Itinerary. In the 16th century, Shetland was referred to as Hjaltland. It was gradually replaced in Shetland by an insular dialect of Scots, known as Shetlandic, which is in turn being replaced by Scottish English. The geographical isolation and recent glacial history of Shetland have resulted in a depleted mammalian fauna and the brown rat and house mouse are two of only three species of rodent present in the islands. [128], As of early February 2021, the Promote Shetland website was still stating this information: "At present, nobody should travel to Shetland from a Level 3 or Level 4 local authority area in Scotland, unless it's for essential purposes". The History of Shetland concerns the subarctic archipelago of Shetland in Scotland. For example, almost every place name in use can be traced back to the Vikings. [9] Lerwick, the capital and largest settlement, has a population of around 7,500. 32, 35, Shetland Islands Council (2010) pp. Step back in time at the Iron Age broch of . Fog is common during summer due to the cooling effect of the sea on mild southerly airflows. The Shetland archipelago is located 100 kilometres (62mi) north of mainland Scotland and the capital Lerwick is almost equidistant from Bergen in Norway and Aberdeen in Scotland. This has created an interest in Shetland[123] and some tourists visit because they wish to see the places where the series is set and filmed.
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