The story goes that following the success of Apollo 11, Bishop Borders made an ad limina visit to Pope Blessed Paul VI, during which he casually added, You know, Holy Father, I am the bishop of the moon. The Pope seemed perplexed until Borders explained that under the Code of Canon Law, he had become bishop of the newly discovered territory of the moon. An obscure law from 1917 places the moon under the purview of the Diocese of Orlando, Florida. Youre who?. The story only emphasizes Bishop Borders good and humorous nature that allowed him to be such a good first bishop for central Florida.. While you can make sushi rice in a pot on the stove, rice cookers make the process faster and simpler and deliver better, more uniform results. . Apostolic exarchate) are in the sway of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches. Father John Giel, chancellor for Canonical Affairs for the Diocese of Orlando, commented that being able to boast the moon is ultimately fruitless since it means nothing if there is no one to have jurisdiction over. Father Giel did, however, commend Bishop Borders for the gig: Since we have yet to find any life on the moon, the story only emphasizes Bishop Borders good and humorous nature that allowed him to be such a good first bishop for central Florida., Yes, the moon has its own Catholic bishop. . This is the Diocese of Orlando company profile. At the prelaunch banquet honoring the interfaith leaders, there was According to the Catholic church, was there a New Testament writer who was not a bishop? How to standardize the color-coding of several 3D and contour plots. The Archdiocese of Baltimore encompasses 4,801 square miles a decent size. Signs and times: What about Sister Wilhelmina? To the east-northeast of Riccius is Stiborius, named for the German priest Andreas Stberl, a humanist astronomer, mathematician, and theologian who worked mainly at the University of Vienna. It only takes a minute to sign up. Nonetheless, Archbishop Borders still laid claim to being the first bishop of the moon. , US forest managers urge revelers to swap fireworks. Im sure he would say God is the bishop of the moon, Drow said on the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 launch. , European telescope launched to hunt for clues to, Children face solitary confinement in cells at Illinois, Climate change keeps making wildfires and smoke worse. Thanks to their partnership in our mission, we reachmore than 20 million unique users per month! Carroll claimed that tradition says the moon is always over Miami, so So you voted for a duplicate and then copy/pasted your answer from the possible duplicate? Since 1645, selenographers, who map the surface of the moon, have been naming lunar craters after prominent Jesuit scientists, and at one point 40 craters bore Jesuit eponyms. BTW: Your answer does not answer the question, if something has changed with Apollo 11. Mailing Address. However many former missionary jurisdictions -mainly in the Third World- remain, after promotion to diocese of (Metropolitan) Archdiocese, under the Propaganda Fide instead of the normally competent Congregation for the Bishops, notably in countries/regions where the Catholic church is too poor/ small (as in most African countries) to aspire self-sufficiency and/or local authorities hostile to Catholic/Christian/any (organized) faith. Related: Through crackly transmission, these two eavesdropped on Apollo 11 landing. When you look at the moon, what do. Update crontab rules without overwriting or duplicating, Can you pack these pentacubes to form a rectangular block with at least one odd side length other the side whose length must be a multiple of 5. Jul 22, 2019 BALTIMORE (CNS) Did Apollo 11 mission make Archbishop William D. Borders bishop of the moon? Catholic Review Media provides intergenerational communications that inform, teach, inspire and engage Catholics and all of good will in the mission of Christ through diverse forms of media. Venerable Archbishop Fulton Sheen said: God who made the sun, also made the moon. - Roman Curia. 401 Bishop Grady Ct, Saint Cloud, Florida, 34769, United States. The Supreme Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church is also know as the Vicar of Christ. The Catholic Church says the moon is a part of Florida sort of. Bishop Borders apparently took it up a notch, however, when he met later that year with Pope Paul VI for his ad limina apostolorum (to the threshold of the apostles (Peter and Paul)), a meeting required by diocesan bishops every five years to greet the pope and discuss issues with the heads of various Vatican departments. The code consisted of 1752 canons, divided into seven books, and regulated the governance and administration of the Church, as well as the rights and duties of Catholics. Well, the question is, was the moon actually a newly discovered territory. Also, the remark was made in the context of an Ad limina visit, so my guess would be that it was simply a bit of jurisdictional humor on the part of senior clerics making small talk. Notably, the 1917 Code states that the Pope is the one ultimately responsible for delegating territorial jurisdiction to dioceses. There was a huge excitement when it was going up, and when it touched back down there was a certain amount of relief, he said of the atmosphere at Church of Our Saviour during the launches he witnessed between 1969 and 1972. Teaching & Living the Light of Christ. In an article below headlined Will moonshot affect theology?, the newspapers editor, Father David Page, asked various religious leaders to reflect. Thanks for this. Jennifer Drow, secretary of communications for the Diocese of Orlando, said that she is sure Bishop John Noonan, the current bishop of Orlando, does not consider himself bishop of the moon and the International Space Station, also launched from Kennedy Space Center. Noonan previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Miami in Florida from 2005 to 2010. Only a few miles away, human history would change forever from the launchpads at Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. How to describe a scene that a small creature chop a large creature's head off? Bruce Croteau Director of Liturgy, Diocese of Orlando and St. James Cathedral 407-246-4861 bcroteau@orlandodiocese.org . Bishop Borders, following the moon mission, had an audience with Pope Paul VI, in which he reportedly told him you know, Holy Father, I am the bishop of the Moon". Since we have yet to find any life on the moon, he said, the story only emphasizes Bishop Borders good and humorous nature that allowed him to be such a good first bishop for central Florida.. The pope, who avidly followed the moon expedition on television, was seen peering through a telescope at the moon at the Vatican Observatory, which is close to the popes vacation residence, Castel Gandolfo.Pope Paul VI views the moon through the viewfinder of the Schmidt telescope at the time of the first landing on the moon, July 20, 1969. 1968 Ten years later, population numbers justified another split and the central part of Florida became the Diocese of Orlando on June 18, 1968. According to a remembrance written in 2016 by Renae Bennett, diocesan archivist, During his visit, Bishop Borders mentioned to the pope that he was the bishop of the moon. Responding to the pontiffs perplexed reaction, Bishop Borders explained that according to the 1917 Code of Canon Law (in effect at that time), any newly discovered territory was placed under the jurisdiction of the diocese from which the expedition that discovered that territory originated. TIL the bishop of Orlando is also bishop of the moon, due to a canon law that says "any newly discovered territory would fall under the bishopric from whence the discovering expedition departed." His is therefore the largest Catholic diocese, at over 14,000,000 square miles. @Thunderforge I would be really interested in the norm of the CIC1917 that states this. They established universities which were admired for their scientific rigor, and have served as directors of the Vatican Observatory. It is also a leading source of news for Catholic print and broadcast media throughout the world. The intrinsic importance of its duties and the extraordinary extent of its authority and of the territory under its jurisdiction have caused the cardinal prefect of Propaganda to be known as the "red pope". BALTIMORE (CNS) Did Apollo 11 mission make Archbishop William D. Borders bishop of the moon? The mission fulfilled the national goal proposed by President John F. Kennedy in 1961 of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth, before this decade is out. However, when Apollo 11 made its famous flight from Cape Canaveral to ultimately fulfill that goal, they inadvertently made Bishop Borders the first Bishop of the Moon thanks to an obscure rule from the 1917 Code of Canon Law in effect at the time. 1975 originated. Why did it stop? You correctly said: Propaganda is responsisible for Mission sui iuris, Apostolic prefecture and Apostolic vicariate. Orlandos diocesan archivist, During his visit, Bishop Borders If this obscure statute creating the office of Moon Bishop doesnt excite you, the real Pope was also dissatisfied. The mission fulfilled the national goal proposed by President John F. Kennedy in 1961 of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth, before this decade is out. However, when Apollo 11 made its famous flight from Cape Canaveral to ultimately fulfill that goal, they inadvertently made Bishop Borders the first Bishop of the Moon thanks to an obscure rule from the 1917 Code of Canon Law in effect at the time. Following the moon landing, the first bishop of Orlando, then-Bishop, later Archbishop, William Borders claimed to Blessed Pope Paul VI that the Pontiff was speaking with the bishop of the moon. According to diocesan records, when the Pope was confused about Bishop Borders claim, the bishop explained that according to the 1917 Code of Canon Law, which was in effect at the time, newly discovered territories fell under the jurisdiction of the diocese from where the expedition originated in this case, the Diocese of Orlando. Riccius is named for Matteo Ricci, S.J. The answer involves an obscure rule from 1917 and the Apollo 11 space mission. It seems a bit of a stretch to call the moon "newly discovered territory"; people had already known about the moon for quite a while before 1969.. @AndreasBlass You're right, "newly discovered territory" is a bit much, although I guess the actual surface of the moon was somewhat new. UCatholic notes that, if taken seriously, the Diocese of Orlando would become the largest, at fourteen and half million square miles, although it would be hard to call it the largest diocese in the world. He also moved it to the new date of the final Sunday of the liturgical year, before the commencement of a new liturgical year on the First Sunday of Advent (the earliest date for which is 27 November). In Pope John XXIII's revision of the Calendar in 1960, the date and title were unchanged but, according to the simplification of the ranking of feasts, it was classified as a feast of the first class. Preaching and music: Are Catholic services simply too boring? The Moon Bishop currently Bishop John Noonan is actually the result of an obscure rule, set out in the 1917 Code of Canon Law. 1998 - 2023 Nexstar Media Inc. | All Rights Reserved. @media(min-width:0px){#div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-box-3-0-asloaded{max-width:320px!important;max-height:50px!important}}if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'historyofyesterday_com-box-3','ezslot_6',113,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-box-3-0');@media(min-width:0px){#div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-box-3-0_1-asloaded{max-width:320px!important;max-height:50px!important}}if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'historyofyesterday_com-box-3','ezslot_7',113,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-box-3-0_1');.box-3-multi-113{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:7px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:7px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:50px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}he Moon Bishop, or Bishop John Noonan as he is currently known, is actually the outcome of a murky regulation that was outlined in the 1917 Code of Canon Law. Intranet; Careers; The front page of the Florida Catholic July 25, 1969, included extensive coverage of the Apollo 11 moon landing. Since Cape Canaveral was under the purview of the Diocese of Orlando, Bishop Borders was effectively the first bishop of the moon. Right now all the moon missions have launched from Florida, but what happens if one launches say from Vandenberg Air Force Base to the far side of the moon? As a result, the territory of "Moon" became the responsibility of the Diocese of Orlando, where Apollo 11 launched. This is because our holy days and the date of Easter are determined by precise astronomical observations. It coordinates and provides the necessary central organization for the correct functioning of the Church and the achievement of its goals. If you are interested in where I first saw this story, then check out this post from uCatholic. An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Roman Catholic Diocese of The Moon. Rabbi Aryeh Lev told the Florida Catholic the moon flight was another example of God revealing new things about his creation. Thus if the pope is the Vicar of Christ and according to the Catholic Church, Jesus is the King of the Universe, the pope has total spiritual jurisdiction over space and is by default the Bishop of the Moon. mail@CatholicReview.org, Catholic Press Association of the United States and Canada, 2023 CATHOLIC REVIEW MEDIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. to the Diocese of Orlando, making that diocese the largest in the known - July 20, 2019 34290 17 It might sound strange, but in addition to encompassing nine counties and hundreds of cities, the Diocese of Orlando, Florida also has jurisdiction over an otherworldly object: the Moon. Since Cape Canaveral, launching site for the Apollo moon missions, was in Brevard County and part of the Diocese of Orlando, then in addition to being bishop of 13 . 50 East Robinson; Orlando, Florida 32801 (407) 246-4800 (407) 246-4942 info@orlandodiocese.org 8:30 AM - 5:00 PM, M-F Closed on Holidays. Found the internet! Why might you ask? Through this choice of date "the eschatological importance of this Sunday is made clearer". 35 craters on the moon are currently named for Jesuit astronomers, physicists and mathematicians. Help us continue to bring the Gospel to people everywhere through uplifting and transformative Catholic news, stories, spirituality, and more. IFLScience The Big Questions: How Is Climate Change Affecting Polar Bear Populations? Entrust your prayer intentions to our network of monasteries. He assigned to it the highest rank of "solemnity". Why might you ask? Biography Early life The Man in the Moon? The Apollo 11 mission launched from Cape Canaveral, which is under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Orlando, thus installing Borders as the first Bishop of the Moon. Welcome to the official YouTube channel of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Orlando! It covers nine counties, hundreds of cities, more than 400,000 Catholics and the moon. It is perhaps better known by its former title, the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith (Latin: Sacra Congregatio de Propaganda Fide), or simply the Propaganda Fide. An obscure church law the 1917 Code of Canon Law says when an expedition sets out to discover new territory, that new land. . Before Archbishop Borders was assigned to the Archdiocese of Baltimore, he was the founding bishop of the Diocese of Orlando, which was established in 1968, covering 13 counties and 9,611 square miles in central Florida. When you look at the moon, what do you see? 4k Shares Not an actual photograph. @media(min-width:0px){#div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0-asloaded{max-width:250px!important;max-height:250px!important}}if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_2',111,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0');This is a very different type of crusade, could argue a galactical one. By what authority does the old Catholic Encyclopedia call itself Catholic? Do spelling changes count as translations for citations when using different English dialects. he Moon Bishop, or Bishop John Noonan as he is currently known, is actually the outcome of a murky regulation that was outlined in the 1917 Code of Canon Law. @media(min-width:0px){#div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0-asloaded{max-width:120px!important;max-height:600px!important}}if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[120,600],'historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_4',119,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0');@media(min-width:0px){#div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0_1-asloaded{max-width:120px!important;max-height:600px!important}}if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[120,600],'historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_5',119,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0_1');.large-mobile-banner-2-multi-119{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:15px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:15px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:600px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}The ad limina apostolorum, or to the threshold of the apostles (Peter and Paul) meeting, which diocesan bishops are required to hold every five years to greet the pope and discuss issues with the heads of various Vatican departments, appears to have been where Bishop Borders took things a step further. Copyright Aleteia SAS all rights reserved. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Heres the thing. Image credit: muratart/shutterstock.com, Yandry_kw/shutterstock.com, IFLScience When Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin first set foot on the Moon, it probably. Three days before the actual launch he showed up at the church and wanted to go to Confession and Communion before he went up into space, Father Walsh told OSV. Sign up today to get weekly science coverage direct to your inbox. Compare. May 13, 2021 Updated May 13, 2021 0 All Souls Catholic School students are all smiles behind their masks as they await the start of judging of the Mars Colony Challenge, a project-based STEM competition to create a colony on Mars that would allow people to not only survive, but thrive. Report Save. Heilbron noted in The Sun in the Church. However, the risky nature of the space program was not lost on either Father Walsh or the men and women involved in the Apollo program. Pope Francis Blesses Satellite Carrying Message Of Hope To Space, When a Billion People Listened to the Bible Read From Space on Christmas Eve, What Pope Paul VI Said to the First Men on the Moon, Sarah Jeong & Racism: Anti-White Racism Is Still Bad Full Magazine, Look to the Heavens | iamprobablynotwearinganypantsrightnow. Bennett stated that in addition to overseeing 13 counties, the bishop of the moon was also responsible for Cape Canaveral, which served as the Apollo lunar missions launchpad. (Courtesy Florida Catholic). Browse other questions tagged, Like any library, Christianity Stack Exchange offers great information, but, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. According to the rule, any newly discovered territory is added to the diocese from where the expedition set out. Glassdoor gives you an inside look at what it's like to work at Diocese of Orlando, including salaries, reviews, office photos, and more. EWTN | 5817 Old Leeds Rd. Florida Catholic Media manages the advertising for the Diocese of Orlando, Palm Beach, St. Augustine, St. Petersburg, Venice, and the Archdiocese of Miami. 54. In 1968, William Donald Borders was named the first bishop of Orlando. being launched from his diocese, that was his responsibility. This Small, Vibrating Bracelet Might Change Your Life, Don't Travel Without These CES-Featured Translation Earbuds, Stay Warm in a Blackout with this CES-Featured Power Station. US Catholic Bishops Correct Lawmakers Misuse of Church Teachings on Abortion, Record Departures Stir Alarm in German Catholic Church, Yet Mass Attendance. - Sacred Congregation of Propaganda. .css-tadcwa:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}Jean Elizabeth Seah - @media screen and (max-width: 767px){.css-1xovt06 .date-separator{display:none;}.css-1xovt06 .date-updated{display:block;width:100%;}}published on 07/31/17. Did the Apollo 11 mission result in a Catholic bishop of the moon? Since Cape Canaveral, launching site for the Apollo moon missions, was in Brevard County and part of the Diocese of Orlando, then in addition to being bishop of 13 counties, he was also bishop of the moon, Bennett wrote. He has been serving as bishop of the Diocese of Orlando in Florida since 2010. The launch director of the moonshots was a parishioner, and the launch director of the unmanned launches was a parishioner also. Both the director of launch operations for the manned missions, Walter Kappy Kapyran, and the director of unmanned launch operations, Bob Gray, were active in the parish and made sure their parish priests had spots at any launches they could attend. Bishop Borders apparently took it up a notch, however, when he met Most Reverend John Noonan, having carefully assessed the needs of the People of God in the Diocese of Orlando and after careful consultation with the Christian Faithful and the Priest Personnel Board, makes the following pastoral appointments in accord with the 1983 Code of Canon Law. The Blessed Mother reflects her Divine Son; without Him, she is nothing. The Diocese of Orlando was established in 1968. It covers nine counties, hundreds of cities, more than 400,000 Catholics and the moon. By Christopher Gunty, Catholic News Service. So in the end, it's more of a tongue-in-cheek question, at least until there become permanent residents on the Moon. He served at St. James Cathedral 1993-1994, St. Joseph Parish in Winter Haven 1994-2001, as Pastor of St. John the Baptist Parish in Dunellon 2001-2005, back to St. Joseph Parish 2005-2008, and finally as pastor of Our Lady of Hope Parish in Port Orange 2008-2011 when he retired. What canon of the 1917 Code have you in mind for this idea? Im sure he would say God is the bishop of the moon, Drow said on the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 launch. The Jubilee Year will be celebrated the First Sunday of Advent, December 3, 2017 through the Solemnity of Our Lord Jesus Christ, King of the Universe, November 25, 2018. 320 Cathedral Street Bishop Borders later visited Pope Paul VI in Rome and casually mentioned, You know, Holy Father, I am the bishop of the moon., The Pope said, Im sorry.what? Cardinal Cooke, who was vicar of the Military Ordinariate (now the There is at least one bishop who claims jurisdiction over the moon and that is in space. If taken seriously, the Diocese of Orlando is the largest Catholic diocese in the world and out of this world at 14.5 million square miles, moon included. UCatholic explains the unusual circumstances. Although Archbishop Borders was the 13th archbishop of Baltimore, at one time he may have been the bishop of a larger territory much larger. Pope Pius XI instituted the Feast of Christ the King in his encyclical Quas primas of 1925, in response to growing secularism and nationalism, and in the context of the unresolved Roman Question. Its important here to note that one of those counties, Brevard, is The Apollo space program was one of several human spaceflight programs initiated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the only one to place human beings on the surface of the moon. James is a published author with four pop-history and science books to his name. Because Apollo 11 departed from Cape Canaveral, the Bishop of Orlando made the claim that this made the Moon part of his bishopric / diocese. According to a remembrance written in 2016 by Renae Bennett, When Apollo 11 launched, one year later, there was still a law in the books that stated that any newly discovered territory would fall under the bishopric from whence the discovering expedition departed. Director of Music, Diocese of Orlando and St. James Cathedral 407-246-4862 abrakel@orlandodiocese.org . It was organized as a diocese in 1968. | Irondale, AL 35210 |. Close 1968 to 1974 Pope Paul VI erected the Diocese of Orlando on June 18, 1968, [10] taking its present territory from the Diocese of St. Augustine and making it a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Miami. That would add more than 14.6 million square miles to the Diocese of Orlando, making that diocese the largest in the known universe. The Apollo 11 space mission began with the launch from Cape Canaveral onJuly 16, 1969. The Chinese goddess Change and the Jade Rabbit? The priest recalled one visit from an astronaut who came to the parish for spiritual care shortly before departing on the ill-fated Apollo 13. Yes, the moon has its own Catholic bishop, who is currently John Noonan. The pope had eagerly followed the moon mission on television and was photographed checking out the moon through a telescope at the Vatican Observatory near Castel Gandolfo, the popes summer home. It means nothing if there is no one to have jurisdiction over," according to Father John Giel, chancellor for Canonical Affairs for the Diocese of Orlando. (CNS file photo). Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Manager (Former Employee) - Orlando, FL - May 14, 2020. Diocese of Parramatta forms Australias first Diocesan Diaconate Council, US deviates from European approach to transgender care, Pope Francis appoints John Adams as Bishop of Palmerston North. Bishop without Borders He is serving the Moon with dedication. We bring forth the body of Christ through administering the sacraments, sharing the word of God and caring for . Borders in the spirit of collegiality. Miami Archbishop Coleman F. All its light is reflected from the sun. universe. Does Catholic Church acknowledge St. Paul the Apostle as consecrated Bishop during Apostolic times? Dedicated to fulfilling President John F. Kennedys vision of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the Earth before the end of the 1960s, the scientists and astronauts of the Apollo program persevered through tragic disasters and close calls to achieve what was once thought to be impossible: On July 20, 1969, Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed on the surface of the moon. The article notes that the pope's response was not recorded. The obscure rule stated that any newly discovered territory falls under the bishopric where the discovering expedition had departed, or more aptly, launched. (1538-1612), who along with Aloysius Lilius devised the Gregorian Calendar, the internationally accepted civil calendar we use today, which was promulgated in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. Religious Service Attendance: A Post-COVID Revival or Continued Decline? The moon is of all the heavenly bodies the most useful to us, except the sun. In June 1968, only six months before Apollo 8 orbited the moon for the first time, the Diocese of Orlando was founded, encompassing several counties including Brevard County, where Cape Canaveral and Kennedy Space Center are located. I have yet to find a specific citation to the canon in which such obscure rule is supposed to be posited, and last time I checked, the Prefect of the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith had jurisdiction over those regions where the sacred hierarchy is not yet constituted and the status of missions remains (1917 CIC c. 252 3, Ed Peters trans.
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